Found 8 Articles for Molecular Markers

MAS - An Overall Understanding Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is a molecular breeding technique that enables breeders to make informed decisions about which individuals to select for future generations. The approach involves using molecular markers, such as DNA sequence variations or protein polymorphisms, to identify traits that are associated with desirable phenotypes. MAS has become an essential tool in modern plant and animal breeding, enabling the development of crops and livestock that are better suited to the changing demands of consumers and the environment. History of MAS The use of molecular markers to assist with selection in breeding dates back to ... Read More

Introduction Genetic mapping is the process of identifying and locating the specific regions on the genome that are associated with a particular trait or disease. The process involves analyzing the genetic variation in individuals to determine the location of genes or QTLs (quantitative trait loci) that are responsible for the trait or disease of interest. Fine mapping is an extension of genetic mapping, which aims to identify the specific variants that contribute to the trait or disease. Given below is an elaborate explanation of fine mapping, its importance, and the techniques used for fine mapping. What is Fine Mapping? ... Read More

An Overview Microsatellites or Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) are small tandemly repeated DNA sequences present in the genome of almost all eukaryotic organisms. These repetitive DNA sequences are short, usually consisting of 1-6 base pairs in length, and are highly variable in number and length among individuals within a species. The variability of microsatellites makes them a powerful tool for population genetics, evolutionary biology, and genetic mapping. Microsatellite Database (MSDB) is a publicly accessible database that houses information on microsatellites. The database contains information on the location, size, and number of repeats for each microsatellite locus in various species. The ... Read More

Introduction Plant breeding is an essential process to improve crop yields, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The use of molecular markers has revolutionized plant breeding and allowed breeders to identify and select desirable traits more efficiently and precisely. Molecular markers are used to identify and track desirable genes or DNA sequences that are associated with a particular trait. The use of markers in plant breeding has several advantages and disadvantages, which are discussed in this article. Advantages of Using Markers in Plant Breeding A few of the advantages include - Accelerated Breeding Cycle The use of ... Read More

An Insight Single-nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, are one of the most common types of genetic variation found in humans and other organisms. These variations involve changes in a single nucleotide base pair at a specific position in the DNA sequence. They have a significant impact on gene functioning, influencing everything from an individual's susceptibility to disease to their response to medications. The content below explores the mechanisms behind SNPs, their prevalence in the human genome, and their effects on gene expression and function. What are SNPs? As mentioned above, SNPs refer to variations in a single nucleotide base pair in ... Read More

Introduction In the field of plant breeding, it is often necessary to combine desirable traits from two or more different varieties of plants. One way to achieve this is through the use of backcross breeding and heterosis breeding. Backcross breeding involves crossing a hybrid plant with one of its parents in order to transfer desirable traits from the parent to the hybrid. Heterosis breeding involves crossing two genetically distinct plants to create a hybrid that has improved traits compared to both parents. One of the key tools used in both backcross and heterosis breeding is the marker-assisted selection (MAS) ... Read More

Introduction Plant breeding is the process of altering the genetic makeup of a plant species to create new, more desirable varieties. It involves selecting certain individuals from a population and breeding them to produce offspring with specific traits. One of the key techniques used in plant breeding is foreground and background selection. Foreground and background selection are methods of identifying desirable traits in a population of plants. These methods are used to select plants that have specific traits and are more likely to produce offspring with those traits. This article aims at noting the difference between foreground and background selection ... Read More

Introduction Allele mining has emerged as a powerful approach to identify novel genetic variations that can be used to improve crop traits. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) and Eco-TILLING (Ecotype Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) are two widely used methods for allele mining in plants. These techniques rely on the use of mutagenic agents to introduce random mutations into the plant genome, followed by screening for mutations in target genes of interest. In this article, we will provide a detailed overview of TILLING and Eco-TILLING and their applications in allele mining. TILLING TILLING was first developed ... Read More