Server Side Programming Articles - Page 2513 of 2650

The reference data type in C# does not have the actual data stored in a variable, but they contain a reference to the variables.In C#, the following are the built-in reference types −Object TypeThe Object Type is the ultimate base class for all data types in C# Common Type System (CTS). The object types can be assigned values of any other types, value types, reference types, predefined or user-defined types.Exampleobject ob; ob = 250; // boxingDynamic TypeStore any type of value in the dynamic data type variable. Type checking for these types of variables takes place at run-time.Exampledynamic d = ... Read More

Finalizers in C# are used to destruct instances of classes. With that, you can also use it to release resources.Here are some of the key points about Finalizers −Only one finalizer is allowed for a classYou cannot inherit or overload FinalizersA finalizer cannot have parametersFinalizers invoke automaticallyFinalizers in C# are declared like destructors. Let’s say the class name is Demo, therefore, the following would be our finalizer −~Demo() {    // }The finalizer declaration is prefixed with a tilde before the class name.

The NameValueCollection sets more than one value for a single key. Now let us see how to use them in our C# program.Set the collection −static NameValueCollection GetCollection() {    NameValueCollection myCollection = new NameValueCollection();    myCollection.Add("Tim", "One");    myCollection.Add("John", "Two");    myCollection.Add("Jamie", "Three");    return myCollection; }Now with the GetCollection() method use the “AllKeys” method property to display all the keys −NameValueCollection myCollection = GetCollection(); foreach (string key in myCollection.AllKeys) {    Console.WriteLine(key); }

Use the LINQ orderby keyword to sort a list in C#.In the below example, we have set the orderby for the elements −var myLen = from element in myList orderby element.Length select element;Let us see an example −Example Live Demousing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; class Demo {    static void Main() {       List myList = new List();       myList.Add("truck");       myList.Add("bus");       myList.Add("cab");       myList.Add("motorbike");       var myLen = from element in myList       orderby element.Length       select element; ... Read More

Language Integrated Query (LINQ) is a Microsoft .NET Framework component and the uniform query syntax in C#. It has a set of method names and extends the language with query expressions.For LINQ in C#, use −using System.Linq;Let us see an example. Here we have used the LINQ computational methods Count and Average to find the count of elements and average of those elements in C# −Example Live Demousing System; using System.Linq; class Demo {    static void Main() {       int[] arr = { 87, 92, 45, 65, 34, 88 };       Console.WriteLine(arr.Average());       Console.WriteLine(arr.Count());    } }output68.5 6

Object is the base class for all data types in C#. The Object Type is the ultimate base class for all data types in C# Common Type System (CTS). The object is an alias for System.Object class.When a value type is converted to object type, it is called boxing and on the other hand, when an object type is converted to a value type, it is called unboxing.The following is an example showing the usage of object data types −using System; using System.IO; namespace Demo {    class objectClass {       public int x = 56;   ... Read More

AddRange method in lists adds an entire collection of elements. Let us see an example −Firstly, set a list in C# and add elements −List list = new List(); list.Add(100); list.Add(200); list.Add(300); list.Add(400);Now set an array of elements to be added to the list −// array of 4 elements int[] arr = new int[4]; arr[0] = 500; arr[1] = 600; arr[2] = 700; arr[3] = 800;Use the AddRange() method add the entire collection of elements in the list −list.AddRange(arr);Now let us see the complete code and display the list −using System; using System.Collections.Generic; class Demo {    static void ... Read More

Ternary operator is a Conditional operator in C#. It takes three arguments and evaluates a Boolean expression.For example −y = (z == 1) ? 100 : 180;Above, if the first operand evaluates to true (1), the second operand is evaluated. If the first operand evaluates to false (0), the third operand is evaluated.The following is an example −Exampleusing System; namespace Demo {    class Program {       static void Main(string[] args) {          int x, y;          x = 25;          y = (x == 25) ? 20 : 30;          Console.WriteLine("Value of x = {0}", y);          y = (x == 1) ? 50 : 90;          Console.WriteLine("Value of y = {0}", y);          Console.ReadLine();       }    } }Above we have two conditions using the ternary operators −y = (x == 25) ? 20 : 30; y = (x == 1) ? 50 : 90;

A namespace inside a namespace is called a nested namespace in C#. This is mainly done to properly structure your code.We have an outer namespace −namespace outer {}Within that, we have an inner namespace inside the outer namespace −namespace inner {    public class innerClass {       public void display() {          Console.WriteLine("Inner Namespace");       }    } }Now to call the method of inner namespace, set a class object of the inner class and call the method as shown in the below example −namespace outer {    class Program {   ... Read More

The object types can be assigned values of any other types, value types, reference types, predefined or user-defined types. However, before assigning values, it needs type conversion.The Object Type is the ultimate base class for all data types in C# Common Type System (CTS). Object is an alias for System.Object class.When a value type is converted to object type, it is called boxing and on the other hand, when an object type is converted to a value type, it is called unboxing.The following is an example −object obj; obj = 100; // this is boxingHere is the complete example showing ... Read More