Server Side Programming Articles

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How to create vector in R with a sequence of numbers?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 21K+ Views

Creating a numeric vector is the first step towards learning R programming and there are many ways to do that but if we want to generate a sequence of number then it is a bit different thing, not totally different. We can create a vector with a sequence of numbers by using − if the sequence of numbers needs to have only the difference of 1, otherwise seq function can be used.Example> x1 x1Output[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 [26] ...

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How to select the first and last row based on group column in an R data frame?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

Extraction of data is necessary in data analysis because extraction helps us to keep the important information about a data set. This important information could be the first row and the last row of groups as well, also we might want to use these rows for other type of analysis such as comparing the initial and last data values among groups. We can extract or select the first and last row based on group column by using slice function of dplyr package.ExampleConsider the below data frame: > x1 x2 df1 head(df1, 12)Output  x1 x2 1  1  3 2  1  4 ...

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Maximum possible intersection by moving centers of line segments in C++

Ayush Gupta
Ayush Gupta
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 175 Views

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to find maximum possible intersection by moving centers of line segmentsFor this we will be provided with the center of three line segments and their length. Our task is to move their center by K distance to increase the length of intersection region.Example#include using namespace std; //finding maximum intersection int max_intersection(int* center, int length, int k) {    sort(center, center + 3);    if (center[2] - center[0] >= 2 * k + length) {       return 0;    }    else if (center[2] - center[0] >= 2 * ...

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Maximum possible middle element of the array after deleting exactly k elements in C++

Ayush Gupta
Ayush Gupta
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 275 Views

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to find maximum possible middle element of the array after deleting exactly k elementsFor this we will be provided with an array of size N and an integer K. Our task is to reduce K elements from the array such that the middle element of the resulting array is maximum.Example#include using namespace std; //calculating maximum value of middle element int maximum_middle_value(int n, int k, int arr[]) {    int ans = -1;    int low = (n + 1 - k) / 2;    int high = (n + 1 - k) / 2 + k;    for (int i = low; i

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Maximum Possible Product in Array after performing given Operations in C++

Ayush Gupta
Ayush Gupta
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 343 Views

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to find maximum Possible Product in Array after performing given OperationsFor this we will be provided with an array of size N. Our task is to perform N-1 operations (changing a[j] → a[i]*a[j] and remove a[i] value or just remove the value of a[i] (only once)) such that the remaining values are the maximum ones only.Example#include using namespace std; //printing operations void MaximumProduct(int a[], int n) {    int cntneg = 0;    int cntzero = 0;    int used[n] = { 0 };    int pos = -1;   ...

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Maximum possible sum of a window in an array such that elements of same window in other array are unique in c++

Ayush Gupta
Ayush Gupta
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 150 Views

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to find maximum possible sum of a window in an array such that elements of same window in other array are unique.For this we will be provided with two arrays with equal number of elements. Our task is to find the window in one element with maximum sum such that the same window in other array is unique.Example#include using namespace std; //returning maximum sum window int returnMaxSum(int A[], int B[], int n) {    //storing elements with their count    unordered_set mp;    int result = 0;    int curr_sum ...

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How to add a new column to represent the percentage for groups in an R data frame?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 4K+ Views

In data analysis, we often need to find the percentage of values that exists in a data group. This helps us to understand which value occurs frequently and which one has low frequency. Also, plotting of percentages through pie charts can be done and that gives a better view of the data to the readers. Adding a new column as percentage for groups is not a challenge if we can use mutate function of dplyr package, here you will get the examples from that.Example1> Gender Salary df2 df2Output Gender  Salary 1  Male   41734 2  Male   39035 3  Male   ...

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Maximum power of jump required to reach the end of string in C++

Ayush Gupta
Ayush Gupta
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 307 Views

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to find maximum power of jump required to reach the end of string.For this we will be provided with a string of 0s and 1s. Our task is to find the maximum jump required to move from front to end of string given you can move to the same element as current one.Example#include using namespace std; //finding maximum power jump int powerOfJump(string s) {    int count = 1;    int max_so_far = INT_MIN;    char ch = s[s.length() - 1];    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) ...

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How to find the mean of corresponding elements of multiple matrices in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 1K+ Views

If the elements of multiple matrices represent the same type of characteristic then we might want to find the mean of those elements. For example, if we have matrices M1, M2, M3, and M4 stored in a list and the first element represent the rate of a particular thing, say Rate of decay of rusty iron during rainy season, then we might want to find the mean of first element of matrix M1, M2, M3, and M4. This mean can be found by using Reduce function.ExampleConsider the below matrices and their list −> M1 M1Output   [, 1] [, 2] [, ...

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How to find the standardized coefficients of a linear regression model in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

The standardized coefficients in regression are also called beta coefficients and they are obtained by standardizing the dependent and independent variables. Standardization of the dependent and independent variables means that converting the values of these variables in a way that the mean and the standard deviation becomes 0 and 1 respectively. We can find the standardized coefficients of a linear regression model by using scale function while creating the model.ExampleConsider the below data frame −> set.seed(99) > x y df1 df1Output      x       y 1 1.7139625 1.2542310 2 1.9796581 2.9215504 3 1.5878287 2.7500544 4 1.9438585 ...

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