Found 10805 Articles for Python

The wave module in Python's standard library is an easy interface to the audio WAV format. The functions in this module can write audio data in raw format to a file like object and read the attributes of a WAV file.The file is opened in 'write' or read mode just as with built-in open() function, but with open() function in wave modulewave.open()This function opens a file to read/write audio data. The function needs two parameters - first the file name and second the mode. The mode can be 'wb' for writing audio data or 'rb' for reading.obj = wave.open('sound.wav', 'wb')A ... Read More

Indentation is an important feature of Python syntax. Code blocks in function, class or loops are required to follow same indent level for statements in it. The tabnanny module in Python's standard library is able to detect any violation in this stipulation.This module is primarily intended to be used in command line mode with –m switch. However, it can also be imported in an interpreter session.Command line usagepython –m tabnanny –q example.pyFor verbose output use –v switchpython –m tabnanny –v example.pyFollowing functions are defined in tabnanny module for checking indentation programmatically.check()This function checks for ambiguously indented lines in a given ... Read More

Configuration information of Python's installation can be accessed by the sysconfig module. For example the list of installation paths and the configuration variables specific to the installation platform.The sysconfig module provides the following functions to access Configuration variablessysconfig.get_config_vars()With no arguments, this function returns a dictionary of all configuration variables relevant for the current platform.>>> import sysconfig >>> sysconfig.get_config_vars() {'prefix': 'E:\python37', 'exec_prefix': 'E:\python37', 'py_version': '3.7.2', 'py_version_short': '3.7', 'py_version_nodot': '37', 'installed_base': 'E:\python37', 'base': 'E:\python37', 'installed_platbase': 'E:\python37', 'platbase': 'E:\python37', 'projectbase': 'E:\python37', 'abiflags': '', 'LIBDEST': 'E:\python37\Lib', 'BINLIBDEST': 'E:\python37\Lib', 'INCLUDEPY': 'E:\python37\Include', 'EXT_SUFFIX': '.pyd', 'EXE': '.exe', 'VERSION': '37', 'BINDIR': 'E:\python37', 'SO': '.pyd', 'userbase': 'C:\Users\acer\AppData\Roaming\Python', 'srcdir': 'E:\python37'}With ... Read More

The sndhdr module in Python's standard library provides utility functions that read the type of sound data which is in a file. The functions return a namedtuple(), containing five attributesfiletypestring representing 'aifc', 'aiff', 'au', 'hcom', 'sndr', 'sndt', 'voc', 'wav', '8svx', 'sb', 'ub', or 'ul'.frameratethe sampling_rate will be either the actual value or 0 if unknown or difficult to decode.nchannelsnumber of channels or 0 if it cannot be determined or if the value is difficult to decodenframeseither the number of frames or -1.sampwidthbits_per_sample, will either be the sample size in bits or 'A' for A-LAW or 'U' for u-LAW.functions in sndhdr ... Read More

The –m option of command line option searches for a given module and execute it as the __main__ module. This mechanism is internally supported by runpy module from Python's standard module that allows scripts to be located using the Python module namespace rather than the filesystem.This module defines two functionsrun_module()This function executes the code of the specified module and return the resulting module globals dictionary.The mod_name argument should be an absolute module name. If the module name refers to a package rather than a normal module, then that package is imported and the __main__ submodule within that package is then ... Read More

The importlib package provides the implementation of the import statement in Python source code portable to any Python interpreter. This also provides an implementation which is easier to comprehend than one implemented in a programming language other than Python.This package also exposes components to implement import, making it easier for users to create their own custom objects (known as an importer) to participate in the import process.The importlib package has an important function named as import_module()import_module():This function imports a module programmatically. Name of module is first parameter to the function. Optional second parameter specifies package name if any.invalidate_caches():This function invalidates ... Read More

The RGB color model, named so because of the initials of the three additive primary colors, is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added to reproduce various colors.The RGB color model is used in representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers. It is based on human perception of colors. Other alternative representations of color model are:YIQ: Luminance, Chrominance (used by composite video signals)HLS: Hue, Luminance, SaturationHSV: Hue, Saturation, ValueThe colorsys module defines functions for conversion of color values between RGB color model and three other coordinate systems. In ... Read More

Various functions in aifc module provide support for reading and writing AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format) and AIFF-C files. AIFF format is for storing digital audio samples in a file. Its newer version AIFF-C has the ability to compress the audio dataAudio file has number of parameters describing the audio data.The sampling rate or frame rate: number of times per second the sound is sampled.The number of channels: indicate if the audio is mono, stereo, or quadro.frame : consists of one sample per channel.The sample size: size in bytes of each sample.Thus a frame consists of channels * samplesize bytes. ... Read More

Multithreading ConceptsMultithreading is the core concept of nearly all modern programming languages especially python because of its simplistic implementation of threads.A thread is a sub-program within a program that can be executed independently of other section of the code. A thread executes in the same context sharing program’s runnable resources like memory.When in a single process, we are executing multiple threads simultaneously, it is called multithreading.Python Multithreading Modules for a thread implementationTo implements threads in programs, python provides two modules −thread (for python 2.x) or _thread(for python 3.x) modulethreading moduleWhere the thread module creates a thread as a function whereas ... Read More

Barrier provides one of the python synchronization technique with which single or multiple threads wait until a point in a set of activities and make progress together.To define a barrier object, “threading. Barrier” is used.threading.Barrier(parties, action = None, timeout = None)Where, parties = Number of threadsaction = called by one of the threads when they are released.timeout = Default timeout value. In case no timeout value is specified for the wait(), this timeout value is used.Below mentioned methods are used by Barrier class.Sr.NoMethod & Description1partiesA number of threads required to reach the common barrier point.2n_waitingNumber of threads waiting in the ... Read More