Systemd is the default init system for many modern Linux distributions, including Debian, Ubuntu, and Fedora. Systemd is responsible for starting and stopping services, managing system resources, and providing a variety of other system-related functions. Systemd units are the basic building blocks of systemd and define the services, targets, and other system objects that are managed by the system. While systemd provides a powerful and flexible way to manage system resources, it can be somewhat complex and intimidating to use. Fortunately, there are several tools available that can help you manage systemd units more easily, and one of the most ... Read More

The chkdsk command, short for "check disk, " is a powerful tool in Windows that can help you check and fix errors on your hard drive. This command is essential for maintaining the health and performance of your computer. In this article, we'll take a look at how to use the chkdsk command with examples. Checking a Drive for Errors The most common use of the chkdsk command is to check a drive for errors. To check a drive, open a Command Prompt window with administrative privileges and type the following command: chkdsk : Replace with the letter ... Read More

Introduction If you're a user of Ubuntu, there's a chance that at some point, when trying to run a command as the superuser or administrator, you may have encountered an error message that reads: "Username is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported." This message typically appears when you attempt to execute an administrative command using the 'sudo' command and your system does not recognize your username as having sufficient permissions to perform such actions. This error results from your username being absent in the sudoers file - a system configuration file that specifies which ... Read More

Introduction Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol utilized for secure network communication. SSH is significant for organizations of all sizes as it provides secure remote access to servers and computers across unsecured networks. With its ability to encrypt data, SSH ensures that the information being exchanged between two endpoints remains confidential, even if the data is transmitted over a public network like the internet. SSH has become the de-facto standard for most system administrators when remotely accessing their servers as compared to other protocols like Telnet and FTP that transmit data in plain text which makes it vulnerable to ... Read More

Introduction Secure Shell or SSH is a cryptographic network protocol that has become a standard for secure remote access and file transfer over unsecured networks such as the internet. SSH provides confidentiality and integrity of data exchanged between two hosts by encrypting all traffic between them. It is widely used by system administrators, developers, and IT professionals to remotely manage servers, access files, and execute commands. The importance of SSH in modern-day computing cannot be overstated. Understanding the Error What causes the error? The "Too Many Authentication Failures" error occurs when an SSH server receives a certain number ... Read More

Introduction Ansible is an open-source automation tool used by IT professionals to manage and configure systems, deploy software, and orchestrate tasks. However, sometimes while working with Ansible, users may encounter an error message that says "Shared connection to x.x.xx closed", which can be frustrating for those who are not familiar with the tool. This error usually occurs when a user tries to connect to a remote server via SSH using Ansible but the connection gets terminated abruptly. Overview of the steps to fix the error The good news is that this error can be resolved with some troubleshooting techniques ... Read More

Introduction Linux is a popular and widely used operating system in the world today. It is known for its efficiency, security, and stability, among other things. However, like any other operating system, it can sometimes encounter errors that might be difficult to fix or even understand. One such error is the passwd authentication token manipulation error. This error typically occurs when a user tries to change their password but fails to do so due to issues with their account or system settings. It can also occur when users try to execute certain commands that require root access but ... Read More

Introduction? As a Linux user, the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol has likely played an essential role in your daily computing tasks. SSH is a network protocol that provides secure access to remote systems and enables users to execute commands on a remote machine from their local computer. The protocol is designed with strong encryption techniques that prevent data tampering and eavesdropping by unauthorized personnel. In Linux, SSH is the most commonly used method for accessing remote servers, managing cloud infrastructure, and performing system administration tasks. This article will focus on troubleshooting one of the common errors encountered while using ... Read More

Introduction MySQL ERROR 1819 (HY000) is an error that occurs in MySQL when a user attempts to create or alter a MySQL user account with an invalid password. The error message typically reads: "Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements". This error message is displayed when the password entered does not meet the minimum complexity requirements set by the MySQL server. Why does it occur? The main reason why MySQL ERROR 1819 (HY000) occurs is because the user attempted to create or modify a new account with a weak password. In order to prevent unauthorized access, MySQL ... Read More

Introduction Firewall-cmd is a powerful command-line utility that allows you to configure the firewall on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS 7. It is used to manage the FirewallD daemon, which is responsible for managing the iptables firewall rules. However, some users have reported encountering an error message "firewall-cmd: command not found" when trying to issue commands related to FirewallD. This error can be frustrating for users who rely on FirewallD as it makes it impossible to modify firewall rules using Firewall-cmd. The cause of this error is usually due to a missing or corrupt installation of ... Read More