Found 4220 Articles for MySQLi

For dropping UNIQUE constraint from a MySQL table, first of all, we must have to check the name of the index created by the UNIQUE constraint on the table. As we know that SHOW INDEX statement is used for this purpose. The ‘key_name’ in the result set of SHOW INDEX statement contains the name of the index. Now either with the help of DROP INDEX statement or ALTER TABLE statement, we can drop the UNIQUE constraint. The syntax for both the statements is as follows −SyntaxDROP INDEX index_name ON table_name; OR ALTER TABLE table_name DROP INDEX index_name;ExampleSuppose we have the ... Read More

SHOW INDEX statement is used to check the indexes created by a UNIQUE constraint on a MySQL table.SyntaxSHOW INDEX from table_name;ExampleSuppose we have the table ‘empl’ which have a UNIQUE constraint on column ‘empno’.mysql> describe empl; +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field  | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | empno  | int(11)     | YES  | UNI | NULL    |       | | F_name | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |       | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.23 sec)Now as we know that ... Read More

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX statement can also be used to apply the UNIQUE constraint to the field of an existing MySQL table. The syntax of it is as follows −CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name(Column_name);ExampleSuppose we have the following table named ‘Test5’ and we want to add UNIQUE constraint to the column ‘ID’ then it can be done with the help of CREATE UNIQUE INDEX command as follows −mysql> DESCRIBE TEST5; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ID    | int(11)     | YES  |   ... Read More

We can apply the UNIQUE constraint to a column of an existing MySQL table with the help of ALTER TABLE statement.SyntaxALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY colum_name datatype UNIQUE;                     OR ALTER TABLE table_name ADD UNIQUE (colum_name);ExampleSuppose we have the following table named ‘Test4’ and we want to add UNIQUE constraint to the column ‘Name’ then it can be done with the help of ALTER TABLE command as follows −mysql> DESCRIBE test4; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ID   ... Read More

It is quite possible to insert the NULL keyword as a value in a character type column having NOT NULL constraint because NULL is a value in itself. Following example will exhibit it −ExampleSuppose we have a table test2 having character type column ‘Name’ along with NOT NULL constraint on it. It can be checked from the DESCRIBE statement as follows −mysql> Describe test2\G *************************** 1. row ***************************   Field: id    Type: int(11)    Null: NO     Key: Default: NULL   Extra: *************************** 2. row ***************************   Field: NAME    Type: varchar(20)    Null: NO     Key: ... Read More

We can remove a NOT NULL constraint from a column of an existing table by using the ALTER TABLE statement.ExampleSuppose we have a table ‘test123’ having a NOT NULL constraint on column ‘ID’ as follows −mysql> DESCRIBE test123; +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra    | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ID    | int(11) | NO   |     |   NULL  |       | | Date  | date    | YES  |     |   NULL  |       | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.04 sec)Now if we ... Read More

In this case, MySQL will return an error message regarding data truncated for the column. Following is an example of demonstrating it −ExampleSuppose we have a table ‘test2’ which contains a NULL value in column ‘ID’ at 2nd row. Now, if we will try to declare the column ID to NOT NULL then MySQL will return the error as follows −mysql> Select * from test2; +------+--------+ | ID   | Name   | +------+--------+ | 1    | Gaurav | | NULL | Rahul  | +------+--------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> ALTER TABLE TEST2 MODIFY ID INT NOT NULL; ERROR 1265 (01000): Data truncated for column 'ID' at row 2

We can apply the NOT NULL constraint to a column of an existing MySQL table with the help of ALTER TABLE statement. SyntaxALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY colum_name datatype NOT NULL; Examplemysql> Create table test123(ID INT, Date DATE); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec) mysql> Describe test123; +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ID    | int(11) | YES  |     | NULL    |       | | Date  | date    | YES  |     | NULL    |       | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ ... Read More

Actually, MySQL NOT NULL constraint restricts a column of the table from having a NULL value. Once we applied NOT NULL constraint to a column, then we cannot pass a null value to that column. It cannot be declared on the whole table i.e., in other words, we can say that NOT NULL is a column level constraint.For declaring a field NOT NULL, we have to use NOT NULL keyword while defining the column in CREATE TABLE statement.Examplemysql> Create table Employee(ID Int NOT NULL, First_Name Varchar(20), Last_name Varchar(20), Designation Varchar(15)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.59 sec)In the query above, ... Read More

You can very easily store and retrieve date into Sqlite3 database using the sqlite3 module. When inserting the date in the database, pass the date directly and Python handles it automatically.Exampleimport sqlite3 import datetime conn = sqlite3.connect(":memory:", detect_types=sqlite3.PARSE_DECLTYPES) conn.execute('''CREATE TABLE TEST (ID TEXT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, DATE DATE)''') # Save changes conn.commit() # Insert the object directly conn.execute("INSERT INTO TEST (ID, DATE) VALUES (?, ?)", ('My date', datetime.date(2018, 1, 4))) conn.commit() print("Record inserted")OutputThis will give the output −Record insertedNow when you will fetch the values from the database, you will get the date already parsed to the datetime object.Exampleimport ... Read More