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In this problem, we need to find the distance of each cell from the given cell of the matrix. We will use the Breadth−first search traversal to visit each cell of the matrix from the given cell and find the minimum distance for each cell. Problem statement − We have given rows, cols, a, and b positive integers. Here, rows and cols represent the matrix's total number of rows and columns. The a and b is the cell of the matrix. We need to find the minimum distance of each cell of the matrix from the (a, b) cell. ... Read More
In this problem, we need to find the minimum path from 1 to N using Dijakstra’s algorithm, and we can update the cost of any single edge to cost/2. Here, we will find each node's distance from the source node to the destination node. After that, we will take the shortest distance of node u from the source and node v from the destination and add them with the cost/2 of the u −> v edge. In this way, we will find the minimum cost of path 1 to N. Problem statement − We have given an undirected graph ... Read More
Database management systems (DBMS) are crucial tools for effectively managing and arranging enormous volumes of data. A DBMS's general structure and the way data is arranged and managed inside the system are referred to as its architecture. The 1-level, 2-level, and 3-level architectures are only a few of the several architectural concepts that have developed over time. We will examine the features, benefits, and use cases of each of these architectures in detail in this post. 1-Level Architecture The 1-level architecture, commonly referred to as monolithic or centralized architecture, is the most straightforward type of DBMS design. Data storage, query ... Read More
It is critical to create standards and norms in the field of distributed database systems, where data is stored and handled over several interconnected nodes, in order to guarantee dependability, consistency, and efficiency. The "Date's Twelve Rules for Distributed Database Systems" is a series of guidelines developed in 1985 by prominent computer scientist C.J. Date to help with the design and implementation of distributed databases. These guidelines offer a framework for assessing distributed database systems' efficacy. We will examine each of Date's Twelve Rules in detail and consider their relevance to distributed data management in this post. Distribution Independence ... Read More
In this problem, we will perform the given operations on the array elements and find the maximum sum at last. Here, in each operation, we can select at most X[p] elements from the array and replace them with the Y[p] elements to maximize the sum. In the naïve approach, we will find X[p] array elements, which are smaller than the Y[p] elements, and replace them with Y[p]. In the efficient approach, we will use the priority queue to get the maximum sum. Problem statement − We have given nums[] array containing the N numbers. Also, we have given ... Read More
In this problem, we will find the maximum absolute difference between the sum of all nodes of any two levels. We can use the queue data structure to traverse through each binary tree level. While traversing each level, we can keep track of the maximum and minimum sum and return the absolute difference at last. Problem statement − We have given a binary tree containing the positive and negative integer values. We need to find the maximum absolute difference of the sum of all nodes of any two levels. Sample examples Input ... Read More
It is essential to name databases, tables, and columns appropriately when developing a database for readability, maintainability, and efficient communication between developers and users. Consistent naming standards facilitate cooperation and increase comprehension of the database structure. In order to maintain clarity and consistency, we will go over the recommended practices for naming databases, tables, and columns in this post. Database naming conventions − The most advanced container for arranging related data is a database. Think about the following recommended practices when naming databases − Use names that are meaningful and descriptive − Pick a name that accurately describes ... Read More
In this problem, we will maximize the shortest path between the vertex 1 to N by adding the edge between two selected vertices. Here, we will track the distance of each node of the graph from the 0th and N − 1 nodes. After that, we will insert the single edge between any two selected vertices in such a way that we can maximize the shortest path between 1 to N. Problem statement − We have given an undirected graph. The graph contains the N vertices and M edges. Also, we have given the s_edges[] array containing the K−selected ... Read More
In this problem, we will find the length of the longest subarray so that we can make all subarray elements the same by adding some positive integer values, and the sum of added numbers to each element shouldn’t increase than K. The naïve approach is to find the cost of making all elements the same in each subarray of the given array. Finally, consider the length of the subarray whose cost is less than K and the length is maximum. However, we will use the queue data structure to solve the problem efficiently. Problem statement − We have given an ... Read More
In this tutorial, we will learn to implement the hypergraph in C++. Definition − The hypergraph is a special version of the graph. In which the single can connect 2 or more vertices. In a normal graph, the single edge can connect only 2 vertices, but a hypergraph is a generalization of the graph and can be used to connect more than 2 vertices with the single edge. In the hypergraph, the edge is called the hyperedge. We can represent the hypergraph with H(E, V), where E is a hyperedge and v is the set of vertices connected by the ... Read More