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Suppose we have an array called nums with unique values from range [0, n – 1]. This array is unsorted. We also have another array of pairs where each pair contains indices where the elements of the array can be swapped. We can swap multiple number of times. We have to check whether we can arrange the array in sorted order using these swaps or not.So, if the input is like nums = [6, 1, 7, 3, 0, 5, 4, 2] pairs = [(0, 4), (6, 0), (2, 7)], then the output will be True, as we can swap index ... Read More
Virtual – circuit and datagram networks are categories of packet switching network. In virtual circuits, a virtual path is established between the source and the destination systems through which the data packets are transferred from the source to the destination. In the other hand, in datagram networks, each data packet called datagram contain adequate header information so that they can be individually routed by all intermediate network switching devices to the destination.DifferencesIssueVirtual – Circuit NetworksDatagram NetworksConnectivityVirtual – circuits are connection oriented networks.Datagram networks are connectionless.PathIn these networks, the path between the source and the destination nodes that is followed by ... Read More
Suppose we have a 2D matrix. We have to check whether the sum of i-th row is same as the sum of i-th column or not.So, if the input is like23451064214671567then the output will be True, as the sum of first row and column is (2 + 3 + 4 + 5) = 14 and (2 + 10 + 1 + 1) = 14.To solve this, we will follow these steps −row := row count of matcol := column count of mattotal_row := 0, total_col := 0for i in range 0 to row - 1, dototal_row := 0, total_col := ... Read More
Suppose we have two numbers p and q. We have to check whether the sum of all divisors of these tow numbers are same or not.So, if the input is like p = 559, q = 703, then the output will be True the divisors of 559 is 1, 13, 43 and 703 is 1, 19, 37. The sum of the divisors are 57.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a function divSum() . This will take ntotal := 1i := 2while i * i
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a routing technique that augments speed and control of the network traffic by directing data from one node to the next node based on short path labels. Instead of being routed using long network addresses, the data packets are routed through path labels that identify virtual paths between the nodes rather than endpoints. MPLS speeds up traffic flows by avoiding complex lookups in the routing table at each node as in conventional routing algorithms.MPLS is a scalable and protocol-independent routing technique. It works with Internet Protocol (IP), Ethernet, Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM). ... Read More
Suppose we have a string s, we have to check whether the string palindromes as its prefix and suffix substrings or not.So, if the input is like s = "levelishighforracecar", then the output will be True as there are palindrome prefix and suffix: "level" and "racecar" respectively.To solve this, we will follow these steps −l := size of sfor i in range 2 to l + 2, doif substring of s up to index i is palindrome, thencome out from loopif i is same as(l + 1) , thenreturn Falsefor i in range 2 to l + 2, doif substring ... Read More
Suppose we have an array called nums and this contains positive and negative numbers. We have another value k. We have to check whether any subarray whose product is k is present in the array or not.So, if the input is like nums = [-2, -1, 1, 3, 5, 8], k = 6, then the output will be True as the subarray is [-2, -1, 3]To solve this, we will follow these steps −minimum := nums[0], maximum := nums[0]prod_max := nums[0]for i in range 1 to size of nums - 1, doif nums[i] < 0, thenswap maximum and minimummaximum := ... Read More
Virtual – circuit network is a category of packet switching network, where a virtual path is established between the source and the destination systems for data communication to occur. This path appears to the user as if it is a dedicated physical path, but actually is a logical circuit allocated from a managed pool of circuit resources as per traffic requirements. The network resources forming parts of this path can be shared by other communications, however, is not visible to this user.Features of Virtual – Circuit NetworkVirtual – circuit switching is done at the network layer of the communication system.In ... Read More
Suppose we have two strings s and t, we have to check whether t is a rotation of s or not.So, if the input is like s = "hello", t = "llohe", then the output will be True.To solve this, we will follow these steps −if size of s is not same as size of t, thenreturn Falsetemp := s concatenate with s againif count of t in temp > 0, thenreturn Truereturn FalseLet us see the following implementation to get better understanding −Example CodeLive Demodef solve(s, t): if len(s) != len(t): return False ... Read More
Suppose we have a string s and another string t as pattern, we have to check whether characters in s follows the same order as determined by characters present in t. Here we have no duplicate characters in the pattern.So, if the input is like s = "hello world" t = "hw", then the output will be True.To solve this, we will follow these steps −if size of s < size of t, thenreturn Falsefor i in range 0 to size of t - 2, dox := t[i], y := t[i + 1]right := last index of x in sleft ... Read More