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To change the color of line in xyplot, we can use col argument.For example, if we have two vectors say X and Y and we want to create a red colored xyplot between X and Y then we can use the following command −xyplot(x~y,type="l", col="red")Check out the below example to understand how it works.ExampleTo change the color of line in xyplot, use the code given below −set.seed(123) library(lattice) xyplot(1:5~rpois(5,5),type="l",col="blue")OutputIf you execute the above given code, it generates the following output −
To fill the outliers in boxplot with different color in base R, we can use outpch argument for the shape and outbg argument for colors.For example, if we have a vector called X that contains some outliers then we can create a boxplot of X with different color outliers by using the below mentioned command −boxplot(X,outpch=21,outbg="blue")ExampleTo fill the outliers in boxplot with different color in base R, use the code given below −x
To display outliers in boxplot with different shape in base R, we can use outpch argument in boxplot.For example, if we have a vector called X that contains some outliers then we can create a boxplot of X with different shape of outliers by using the below given command −boxplot(X,outpch=17)ExampleTo display outliers in boxplot with different shape in base R, use the code given below −x
Classification is a data mining approach used to forecast team membership for data instances. It is a two-step procedure. In the first step, a model is built defining a predetermined set of data classes or approaches. The model is developed by considering database tuples defined by attributes.Each tuple is considered to belong to a predefined class, as decided by one of the attributes, known as the class label attribute. In the framework of classification, data tuples are also defined as samples, examples, or objects. The data tuples analyzed to develop the model jointly form the training data set. The single ... Read More
To change the color of box of boxplot in base R, we can use col argument inside boxplot function.For example, if we have a vector called V and we want to create a boxplot of V without red colored box then we can use the following command −boxplot(x,col="red")ExampleTo change the color of box of boxplot in base R, use the code given below −x
Genetic algorithms are mathematical structures using the procedure of genetic inheritance. They have been successfully used to a broad variety of analytic issues. Data mining can connect human understanding with automatic analysis of information to find a design or key relationships.Given a large database represented over several variables, the objective is to effectively find the most interesting design in the database. Genetic algorithms have been used to recognize interesting designs in some software. They generally are used in data mining to enhance the execution of other algorithms, such as decision tree algorithms, another association rule.Genetic algorithms needed a specific data ... Read More
To change the color of outliers in base R boxplot, we can use outcol argument in boxplot function.For example, if we have a vector called X that contains some outliers then we can create a boxplot of X with blue color outliers by using the below given command −boxplot(X,outcol="red")ExampleTo change the color of outliers in base R boxplot, use the code given below: −x
A neural network is an array of algorithms that endeavors to identify fundamental relationships in a set of data through a process that mimics the techniques the human brain operates. In this sense, neural networks refer to systems of neurons, either organic or artificial.Neural networks are applicable in virtually every situation in which a relationship between the predictor variables (independents, inputs) and predicted variables (dependents, outputs) exists, even when that relationship is very complex and not easy to articulate in the usual terms of “correlations” or “differences between groups.”There are various applications of Neural Networks which are as follows −Detection ... Read More
To write plot description outside plot using ggplot2, we can use annotate function and coord_cartesian function. The annotate function will define the plot description and the coord_cartesian function will define the position of the text outside the plot area.Check out the below given example to understand how it works.ExampleFollowing snippet creates a sample data frame −x
To test if strings stored in a vector are present in an R list or not, we can use mapply function. For example, if we have a vector of strings say V and a list called LIST then we can check whether elements in V are present in LIST by using the following command − mapply(`%in%`,V,LIST)Example 1Following snippet creates a vector and list −x