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Smart Card Authentication is a means of checking users into enterprise resources including workstations and applications using a physical card in tandem with a smart card reader and application on the workstation. Smart card authentication is hugely secure but it has a poor user experience and is expensive to deploy and maintain.Smart card systems enable a distributed transaction network, without physical link between network terminals. The smart card is the data distribution tool that supports the data used in transactions. The terminal or card acceptor device (CAD) processes the smart card supplied data based on business processes for its application.A ... Read More
The count() method in the pandas series is used to count the valid elements of a series object. This means it counts the number of non-null values of a series object.This method takes only one parameter “level”, which takes an integer value for selecting the particular level of a MultiIndex object, by default the parameter value is None.The output for this counting method is an integer value, which indicates the number of non-null values of a given series.Example 1import pandas as pd import numpy as np #create a pandas Series series = pd.Series([18, 23, 44, 32, np.nan, 76, 34, ... Read More
There are several applications of smart card which are as follows −A smart card is a device generally the size and shape of a credit card and includes one or more integrated chips that implements the functions of a computer with a microprocessor, memory, and input/output. Smart cards can be used to offer increased functionality and an increased level of security over memory cards when used for recognition and authentication.Smart Cards are plastic cards that have integrated circuits or storage receptacles embedded in them. Smart cards with integrated circuits that can perform transactions and are defined as “active” smart cards.A ... Read More
A smart card is a card that stores data on a microprocessor or memory chip instead of the magnetic stripe found on ATM and credit cards. A smart card is a secure microcontroller that is generally used for generating, saving and working on cryptographic keys.Smart card authentication supports users with smart card devices for the goals of authentication. Users linked their smart card to a host device. Software on the host computer connect with the keys material and other secrets saved on the smart card to authenticate the user.Smart cards are ubiquitous because of their strong authentication security and identity ... Read More
The pandas.Series.corr() method used to compute the correlation between two series objects with excluding missing values. As a result, It returns a float value that varies from -1 to 1. If the output is an integer 1, which indicates the relation between two series is a strong positive relationship and if it is “-1”, which means the relationship is a strong negative relation.The series.corr() method has three parameters first one is another series object, the second one is the name of the correlation method, and the third one is min_period which is an optional one.Example 1import pandas as pd ... Read More
Biometrics is the recognition of a person by the measurement of their biological characteristics. For instance, users identifying to a computer or constructing by their fingerprint or voice is treated a biometrics identification.Biometric devices measure biological elements (like human features) to perform functions, including logging health/fitness data and authenticating users. There are some uses for the technology and a multiple methods for its implementation. Types of biometric data such as visual, audio, spatial and behavioral. Biometric security devices play an essential role in checking a person's identity by enforcing access control methods through their unique biological traits.Biometric devices authenticate users ... Read More
There are four types of attacks on biometrics devices which are as follows −Processing and Transmission Level Attacks − Several biometric systems transmit sample information to local or remote offices for processing, it is also necessary that this transmission be protect, test the transmission be intercepted, read, or altered.Most biometric systems encrypt information in transit, but not some applications and devices allow themselves to encryption. Security techniques including encryption are view as deployer-specific element of system design.Multi-factor authentication can take two primary forms such as the need of multiple biometrics or the use of biometrics in conjunction with smart cards ... Read More
The pandas.Series.copy() method is used to create a copy of a series object’s indices and its data (values). And it returns a copied series object as a result.The copy() method has one parameter which is “deep”. The default value for this deep parameter is True. When the input of the deep parameter is “True”, it means the copy method makes a deep copy of the given series indices and data also.If the input for the deep parameter is “False”, then it means the copy method creates an object without copying the data and the indices of the given series object ... Read More
Biometrics is the recognition of a person by the measurement of their biological characteristics. For instance, users identifying themselves to a computer or constructing by their fingerprint or voice is treated a biometrics identification.Biometric devices measure biological elements (like human features) to implement functions, including logging health/fitness information and authenticating users. There are multiple uses for the technology and a several methods for its implementation. Types of biometric data involve visual, audio, spatial and behavioral. Biometric security devices play an essential role in checking a person's identity by enforcing access control methods through their unique biological traits.Biometrics provide a reliable ... Read More
The combine_first() method in the pandas series is used to combine two series objects. And it works similar to the series.combine() method here the difference is it updates the null elements with elements in the same location of another series (second series object). And the combine_first() method takes only a parameter which is nothing but a second series object.The combine_first() method takes two series objects and updates the null elements by filling non-null values in another series object.Example 1import pandas as pd import numpy as np # create pandas Series1 series1 = pd.Series([2, 4, np.nan, 7]) print("First series ... Read More