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In electronics and communication engineering, amplifiers and oscillators are two important circuits. The major difference between an amplifier and an oscillator is that an amplifier increases the magnitude of a signal, while an oscillator generates an oscillating signal. However, there are many more differences between an amplifier and an oscillator that we shall learn in this article. But, before highlighting the differences, let's get a brief overview of what amplifiers and oscillators are. What is an Amplifier? An amplifier is an electronic circuit which accepts a weak signal as its input and produces an output signal of high magnitude or ... Read More
Easy Install is a python module that is bundled with setuptools (easy_install) that allows you to download, compile, install, and manage Python packages automatically. It was included in setuptools in 2004 and is now deprecated. It was remarkable at the time for automatically installing dependencies and installing packages from PyPI using requirement specifiers. Pip was released later in 2008 as a replacement for easy install, albeit it was still primarily based on setuptools components. Installing Python modules should be done with pip rather than easy install. You can use easy_install to install pip if you have it. The following line ... Read More
Functions accept arguments that can contain data. The function name is followed by parenthesis that list the arguments. Simply separate each argument with a comma to add as many as you like. As the name implies, mandatory arguments are those that must be given to the function at the time of the function call. Failure to do so will lead to a mistake. Simply put, default function parameters are the exact opposite of required arguments. As we previously saw, while declaring the function, we give the function parameters a default value in the case of default arguments. The function automatically ... Read More
Python's OS module includes functions for creating and removing directories (folders), retrieving their contents, altering, and identifying the current directory, and more. To interface with the underlying operating system, you must first import the os module. The location (path) of the executing program code can be obtained in Python. py with __file__. __file__ can be used to read other files based on the current file's location. Example In the following example, the os.getcwd() function produces a string str with the absolute path to the current working directory where Python is operating #Python program to get the path of the current ... Read More
Slicing in Python gets a sub-string from a string. The slicing range is set as parameters i.e. start, stop and step. For slicing, the 1st index is 0. For negative indexing, to display the 1st element to last element in steps of 1 in reverse order, we use the [::-1]. The [::-1] reverses the order. In a similar way, we can slice strings like this. # slicing from index start to index stop-1 arr[start:stop] # slicing from index start to the end arr[start:] # slicing from the beginning to index stop - 1 arr[:stop] # slicing from ... Read More
Slicing in Python gets a sub-string from a string. The slicing range is set as parameters i.e. start, stop and step. Syntax Let us see the syntax # slicing from index start to index stop-1 arr[start:stop] # slicing from index start to the end arr[start:] # slicing from the beginning to index stop - 1 arr[:stop] # slicing from the index start to index stop, by skipping step arr[start:stop:step] Slicing Example In his example we will slice a string from start, end, by skipping steps, etc − myStr = 'Hello! How are you?' print("String = ", ... Read More
Python is a general-purpose interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, and high-level programming language. Features of Python Following are key features of Python − Python supports functional and structured programming methods as well as OOP. It can be used as a scripting language or can be compiled to byte-code for building large applications. It provides very high-level dynamic data types and supports dynamic type checking. It supports automatic garbage collection. Variables in Python Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory. Let’s create a variable. ... Read More
Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Let’s understand the paradigms one by one. Paradigms classify programming languages based on their features. Interpreted Language Python is processed at runtime by the interpreter. You do not need to compile your program before executing it. This is similar to PERL and PHP. Steps of Execution Step 1 − A Python source code is written by the coder. File extension: .py Step 2 − The Python source code a coder writes is compiled into python bytecode. In this process, a file with the extension .pyc gets created. Step 3 ... Read More
Pandas is an open-source Python Library providing high-performance data manipulation and analysis tool using its powerful data structures. A Data frame in Pandas is a two-dimensional data structure, i.e., data is aligned in a tabular fashion in rows and columns. In this article, we will see how to merge dataframes in Python. We will use the merge() method. Following is the syntax: dataframe.merge(right, how, on, left_on, right_on, left_index, right_index, sort, suffixes, copy, indicator, validate) Here, Parameter Value Description right A DataFrame or a Series to merge with how 'left' 'right' 'outer' 'inner': ... Read More
A class in Python user-defined prototype for an object that defines a set of attributes that characterize any object of the class. The attributes are data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods, accessed via dot notation. We can easily create an empty class in Python using the pass statement. This statement in Python do nothing. Let us see an example − Create an empty class Here, our class name is Amit − class Amit: pass Create an empty class with objects Example We can also create objects of an empty class and use it in ... Read More