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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
What are the calling conventions for UNIX & Linux system calls on i386 and x86-64
A system call is the fundamental interface between an application and the Linux kernel. When a Unix/Linux program does file I/O, network data transfer, or invokes processes that interact with low-level instructions, system calls are involved. Making these calls usually involves using a library called glibc which contains the functions. Common System Calls Below is a list of some frequently used system calls and their purpose ? Sr.No ...
Read MoreHow to add a custom right-click menu to a webpage?
A custom right-click menu allows you to replace the browser's default context menu with your own styled menu. This provides better control over user interactions and creates a more integrated user experience. The process involves preventing the default browser behavior and displaying your custom menu at the cursor position. Syntax /* Hide custom menu by default */ #custom-menu { display: none; position: absolute; } /* JavaScript events */ document.oncontextmenu = function(event) { event.preventDefault(); /* Show custom menu */ }; ...
Read MoreLooping through the content of a file in Bash
Reading file contents line by line is a common requirement in Bash scripting. There are several approaches to accomplish this task, each with its own advantages depending on your specific needs. Creating a Sample File First, let's create a sample file to work with ? # Create the file cat > a_file.txt
Read MoreCSS units – %, em, rem, px, vh, vw
CSS units determine how we measure and size elements on web pages. The most commonly used units include pixels (px), em, rem, percentages (%), and viewport units (vh, vw). Each unit has specific use cases and behaviors that affect responsive design and accessibility. Syntax selector { property: value unit; } Absolute Units Pixels (px) Pixels are fixed-size units representing the smallest display unit. While reliable for precise control, they don't scale with user preferences or viewport changes − .px-box ...
Read MoreHow to convert DOS/Windows newline (CRLF) to Unix newline (LF) in a Bash script?
When transferring files between Windows and Unix systems, you'll often encounter issues with end-of-line characters. Windows uses CRLF (Carriage Return + Line Feed) while Unix uses LF (Line Feed) only. This guide shows three methods to convert Windows line endings to Unix format using Bash. Understanding the Problem Windows files use \r (CRLF) for line endings, while Unix systems use (LF). When viewing Windows files on Unix, you may see ^M characters at the end of each line. Method 1: Using dos2unix The dos2unix command is specifically designed for this conversion and comes pre-installed on ...
Read MoreLinux WC Command Examples to Count Number of Lines, Words, Characters
The wc command (word count) is a fundamental Linux utility for counting lines, words, characters, and bytes in files. It's commonly used with the -l option for line counting, but offers several other counting options through various arguments. Available Options Option Command Function 1 wc -c Display number of bytes 2 wc -m Display number of characters 3 wc -w Display number of words 4 wc -l Display number of lines 5 wc -L Display length of longest line ...
Read MoreWhat are the different utility classes in Materialize CSS?
Materialize CSS is a popular front-end development framework that offers various features and utilities to create responsive and appealing web applications. One of the essential components of Materialize CSS is its utility classes, which provide an easy and efficient approach to adding styles to HTML elements without writing custom CSS. Utility classes are predefined CSS classes that can be applied to any HTML element to achieve specific styling effects quickly and consistently. Types of Utility Classes Color utility classes − for text and background colors Alignment utility classes − for text and element positioning Hiding/showing content ...
Read MoreHow to Search and Remove Directories Recursively on Linux?
Removing directories is a regular process for anyone working on Unix systems. But sometimes we also need to find the directories first and then decide to delete them. One hurdle in deleting directories is doing recursive deletion because by default Unix systems do not allow deleting of a directory if it is not empty. In this article we will see how to find and remove directories recursively using two effective methods. Using find and exec The find command with -exec searches for directories and executes the removal command directly. This method is efficient for finding and deleting directories ...
Read MoreUse of :even and :odd pseudo-classes with list items in CSS
CSS :nth-child(odd) and :nth-child(even) pseudo-classes are used to select alternative child elements. These pseudo-classes work with list items to create alternate styling like text color and background, which improves readability and visual organization. Syntax /* Select odd-positioned elements */ selector:nth-child(odd) { property: value; } /* Select even-positioned elements */ selector:nth-child(even) { property: value; } CSS :nth-child(odd) Pseudo-Class The :nth-child(odd) pseudo-class selects elements that are at odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th, etc.) within their parent container. Example In this example, we use :nth-child(odd) to ...
Read MoreHow to Re-run Last Executed Commands in Linux?
Re-running commands in the Linux terminal is a common task that saves time and effort. Linux provides several built-in methods to execute previously run commands without retyping them. Understanding these shortcuts improves productivity when working with the command line. Viewing Command History Before re-executing commands, you can view your command history using the history command. This displays all previously executed commands with line numbers ? history The output shows numbered commands from your session history ? 1 perl -v 2 sudo apt update 3 cal 4 ls -l 5 curl -s https://ipvigilante.com/122.175.62.177 ...
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