Golang Program to Convert String to an Array

In Go Language, we have various data types to store data and the String data type is the one that is used to store a sequence of characters. The size of string variable is 1 or 8 bits. An array on the other hand is a data type that is used to store data at contiguous memory locations.

Syntax

func fields(s string) []string

fields() function is present in strings package and is used to convert a string to an array of string. This function takes a string value as an argument and returns the corresponding array as the result.

func split(s, sep string) []string

The function split() takes two strings as an argument on e is the string that we wish to split and another is the character or alphabets through which we wish to split the string s. The function returns the final output as an array containing the strings obtained after splitting.

func typeofobject(x interface{})

The typeof() function is used to get the type of any variable. This function is present in reflect package and it takes the variable whose type is to be determined as an argument. The function then returns the type of the variable specified as the result.

Method 1: Using Fileds() function

In this method we are going to use an inbuild function called as Fields().

Algorithm

• Step 1 − First, we need to define the package main.

• Step 2 − Then import the package fmt and strings.

• Step 3 − Calling the main() function.

• Step 4 − Initializing and defining a string named s and assign value to it. Further, print this string on the screen

• Step 5 − Now call the fields() function defined in the strings package and pass the above initialized string as argument to it. The function returns the result by performing the conversion.

• Step 6 − Store the array returned by the function in a separate variable and print the result on the screen using fmt.Println() function.

Example

In this example we will use the fields() function to convert string to array.

package main
import (
   "fmt"
   "reflect"
   "strings"
)

func main() {
   // initializing the string variable and assign value to it
   var s string = "this is a sentence lets break it !"
   fmt.Println("The given data is:\n", s, "and its type is", reflect.TypeOf(s))
   arrayOfString := strings.Fields(s)
   fmt.Println()
   fmt.Println("The array obtained from the string is:\n", arrayOfString)
}

Output

The given data is:
 this is a sentence lets break it ! and its type is string

The array obtained from the string is:
 [this is a sentence lets break it !]

Method 2: Using Split() Function

In this method, we will use split() function to convert array to string.

Algorithm

• Step 1 − First, we need to define the package main and import the package fmt and strings.

• Step 2 − Next, call the main() function.

• Step 3: − Initialize and define a string named s and assign value to it that we wish to split. Initializing an empty string variable named sep and assign it with a value.

• Step 4 − Now, print the string on the screen using fmt.Println() function.

• Step 5 − This will be the value through which s string will get separated. Store “ ” a space in the sep variable as we wish to obtain every word of the string but in array format.

• Step 6 − Now call the split() function defined in the strings package and pass the string as well as sep variable as argument to it. The function will split the string according to provided variable and return the corresponding array.

• Step 7 − Store the array of strings returned by the function in a separate variable and print the result on the screen using fmt.Println() function.

Example

Following is the golang program to convert a string to an array using split() function.

package main
import (
   "fmt"
   "reflect"
   "strings"
)

func main() {
   // initializing the string variable
   var s string = "this is a sentence lets break it !"
   var sep string = " "
   fmt.Println("The given data is:\n", s, "and its data type is:", reflect.TypeOf(s))
   arrayOfString := strings.Split(s, sep)
   fmt.Println()
   fmt.Println("The array obtained after splitting the string is:\n", arrayOfString)
}

Output

The given data is:
 this is a sentence lets break it ! and its data type is: string

The array obtained after splitting the string is:
 [this is a sentence lets break it !]

Method 3: Using FOR Loop

In this method, we will use a for loop to convert a string to an array.

Algorithm

• Step 1 − First, we need to define the package main.

• Step 2 − Then import the package fmt and reflect.

• Step 3 − Calling the main() function.

• Step 4 − Initializing and defining a string named s and assign value to it. Further, print this string on the screen

• Step 5 − Now use the for loop to iterate over the array and append each element of the string to a new array.

• Step 6 − At last print the result on the screen using fmt.Println() function.

Example

Following is a go language program to convert a string to an array using for loop

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "reflect"
)

func main() {
   str := "hello world"
   fmt.Println("The given data is:\n", str, "and its data type is:", reflect.TypeOf(str))
   arr := make([]string, len(str))
   for i, r := range str {
      arr[i] = string(r)
   }
   fmt.Println()
   fmt.Println("The array obtained by the above string is:",arr)
}

Output

The given data is:
 hello world and its data type is: string

The array obtained by the above string is: [h e l l o   w o r l d]

Conclusion

We have successfully compiled and executed a go language program to convert a string to an array along with examples. We have used fields() and split() predefined functions defined in strings library for this task. The functions accept the strings as argument and return the corresponding array of strings after performing the task.