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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
What is Distance Vector Routing Algorithm?
The Distance-Vector routing algorithm is a network routing protocol where each router shares its routing table with neighboring routers. It is also known as the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm, named after the researchers who developed it (Bellman 1957, and Ford and Fulkerson, 1962). In this algorithm, each router calculates the shortest distance to every destination network by combining information from its neighbors. The algorithm operates on the principle that each router gradually builds complete network knowledge through iterative information sharing. Key Features Complete network knowledge − Each router maintains and shares information about the entire network ...
Read MoreDifference between MSS and MTU in Computer Networking
Maximum Segment Size (MSS) and Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) are crucial parameters in computer networking that determine packet sizes at different layers of the network stack. Understanding their differences is essential for network optimization and troubleshooting. Both parameters work together to ensure efficient data transmission while preventing fragmentation issues that can degrade network performance. MSS vs MTU in Network Stack Application Data TCP Header TCP Segment ...
Read MoreWhat are Satellite Microwaves in computer networks?
There are two types of microwaves in computer networks: terrestrial microwave and satellite microwave. Let us discuss satellite microwaves in detail. What is Satellite Microwave? Satellite microwave is a wireless communication technology that uses satellites positioned in space to receive, amplify, and retransmit radio frequency signals between earth stations. The satellite acts as a repeater in the sky, enabling long-distance communication across continents and oceans. The system works by transmitting signals from an earth station to a satellite, which then amplifies and retransmits the signal to another earth station at the destination. The satellites must be properly ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between Antivirus and Trojan horse?
Let us begin by understanding what an antivirus is and how it differs from malicious software like Trojan horses. Antivirus Antivirus software is a security program designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software from computer systems. It works proactively by scanning files, monitoring system activities, and identifying virus signatures to protect devices from various types of malware threats. Modern antivirus software provides multiple layers of protection including real-time scanning, email protection, web browsing security, and behavioral analysis. It maintains an updated database of known threats and uses heuristic analysis to identify previously unknown malicious patterns. ...
Read MoreWhat is Network Acceleration?
Network acceleration is a set of techniques used to increase the speed of information flow between end users, providing better network performance and user experience. It is also known as WAN optimization or WAN acceleration. Network acceleration becomes crucial when organizations need to optimize data transfer across wide area networks, especially for applications like file transfers, video conferencing, and cloud services that require high bandwidth and low latency. Techniques Used in Network Acceleration Traffic Shaping − Priority is assigned to network traffic based on which bandwidth is allocated to ensure critical applications receive adequate resources. ...
Read MoreWhat is Dijikstra Algorithm?
The Dijkstra Algorithm is a widely used shortest path routing algorithm in computer networks. It finds the shortest path between nodes in a weighted graph by systematically exploring all possible routes and selecting the one with minimum cost. In network routing, this algorithm enables packets to travel along the shortest path from source to destination. However, it has limitations as it doesn't adapt to dynamic network conditions like congestion or varying traffic loads. How It Works Dijkstra's algorithm maintains a set of vertices whose shortest distance from the source is known. It uses a cost matrix C[S, ...
Read MoreWhat are the classifications of classful IP addresses?
IP addresses are generally represented by a 32-bit unsigned binary value in dotted decimal format. For example, 192.168.1.1 is a valid IP address consisting of four octets, each containing 8 bits. The IP address consists of two main components: IP address = The first bits of the IP address specify how the rest of the address should be separated into its network and host portions. This addressing scheme is known as classful addressing, which divides the IP address space into distinct classes based on the leading bits. IP Address Structure (32 ...
Read MoreWhat is switching and the types of switching techniques?
Switching is a technique for establishing communication paths and transferring data between devices in a computer network. It enables efficient data transmission by creating temporary or permanent connections between sender and receiver nodes. Switching operates through specialized network devices called switches that intelligently forward data based on addressing information. These devices create dedicated communication paths, reducing network congestion and improving overall performance. How Switching Works Network switches operate by examining the destination address of incoming data and forwarding it only to the intended recipient device. This process involves: Address learning − Switches build MAC address ...
Read MoreWhat is DWDM?
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is an optical multiplexing technology that combines multiple optical signals of different wavelengths (colors) into a single fiber optic cable. This technology enables transmission of numerous data channels simultaneously over long distances, dramatically increasing the bandwidth capacity of existing fiber infrastructure. DWDM works by using different wavelengths of laser light to carry separate data streams. Each wavelength acts as an independent communication channel, allowing multiple signals to travel through the same physical fiber without interference. Modern DWDM systems can support up to 80 or more channels with 100 GHz (0.8 nm) spacing between wavelengths. ...
Read MoreCable Internet
Cable Internet is a category of broadband Internet access that uses the infrastructure of cable TV networks to provide Internet services. Cable Internet provides connectivity from the Internet service provider (ISP) to end users in a similar manner as digital subscriber line (DSL) and fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). System Layout Broadband cable Internet access uses a cable modem termination system (CMTS) at a cable operator facility called a headend. The headend is connected to switching centers by high-bandwidth fiber trunk lines. Each switching center connects to one or more fiber nodes through fiber optic cables. Finally, local coaxial cables connect ...
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