Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Mathematics
English
Economics
Psychology
Social Studies
Fashion Studies
Legal Studies
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
- Developer's Best Practices
- Questions and Answers
- Effective Resume Writing
- HR Interview Questions
- Computer Glossary
- Who is Who
ProblemCreate a B-Tree of order 4 for the following set of key values −1, 12, 8, 2, 25, 6, 14, 28, 17, 7, 52, 16, 48, 68, 3SolutionLet us start constructing B-Tree step by step −Step 1 − As the given order is 4, the first four items go into root and are arranged in sorted order (ascending). Step 2 − Now, we need to insert the fifth element, if we insert the fifth item in root it violates the condition, because the order is 4. Step 3 − So, when 25 arrives pick ... Read More
In secondary Index (Unique value) is created for each record in a data file which is a candidate key. Secondary index is a type of dense index and also called a non clustering index.Secondary mapping size will be small as the two levels DB indexing is used.While creating the index, generally the index table is kept in the primary memory and the main table is kept in secondary memory because of its size.A table may contain thousands of records for this reason the sparse index becomes so large which cannot be handled in primary memory.Also, if we cannot keep the ... Read More
Relational database design (RDD) models’ information and data into a set of tables with rows and columns. Each row of a relation/table represents a record, and each column represents an attribute of data. The Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to manipulate relational databases. The design of a relational database is composed of four stages, where the data are modeled into a set of related tables. The stages are −Define relations/attributesDefine primary keysDefine relationshipsNormalizationRelational databases differ from other databases in their approach to organizing data and performing transactions. In an RDD, the data are organized into tables and all types ... Read More
Oil circuit breakers (OCBs) are used for performing the following two important functions - Switching of electric supply Protection of electrical system They are called oil circuit breakers because in this type of circuit breakers, insulating/dielectric oil is used for quenching the arc. In this article, we will learn about the basics of oil circuit breakers and their different types. What is an Oil Circuit Breaker? An oil circuit breaker is an electrical switch in which an insulating or dielectric oil is used for arc quenching. As we know, when a fault occurs in the electrical system, we ... Read More
In electrical engineering, a relay is an electromagnetic or an electronic switch that can automatically operate if any abnormal conditions occur in the circuit. The primary functions of a relay are to monitor the circuit, sense the fault, and initiate the tripping of the circuit if a fault occurs in the system. Read this article to learn the operation of a relay. Let's start with some frequently used terms related to the operation of a relay. Relay Operation Terminology The following are some key terms related to the operation of a relay in power system. Operating Force or Torque - ... Read More
An MCB or Miniature Circuit Breaker is a type of circuit breaker or an automatic electric switch used to provide protection against different types of electric faults like short-circuit, overcurrent, overload, etc. Therefore, MCB is considered an electrical protection device. MCBs are primarily used in low-voltage electrical circuits like house wiring, commercial wiring, etc. They are not commonly used in high-voltage industrial applications. The main function of an MCB is to protect an electric circuit from damages due to flow of excessive current. This article is meant for explaining the following major concepts related to MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) ... Read More
A power system is an interconnected network of electrical components such as alternators, transformers, transmission and distribution lines, and electrical loads. Each of these components are sensitive to different types of faults or abnormal conditions. For example, a transformer can burn due to overloading or short-circuit. Therefore, it is desirable to implement such systems that can protect these highly expensive electrical equipment from damage. This practice of implementing protection systems for power system or its components is referred to as power system protection. In this article, we will explain in detail the components, important terms, and the importance of power ... Read More
A protective relay is an electrical switch which can automatically operate when a fault or any other abnormal conditions occur in the electrical system. It sends a signal to turn on the alarm or indicator or trip a circuit breaker to separate the faulty part from the healthy section. The primary function of a protective relay in an electrical circuit or system is to sense the fault and initiate the operation of a circuit breaker to which it is connected. A protective relay is one of the most important components of an electrical protection system, as it is entirely ... Read More
In the field of electrical engineering and power systems, a fault is an abnormal condition that can result in damages to the circuit. Hence, a fault is nothing but a defect in the power system. When a fault occurs in a power system, we need a "power system protection" scheme that can isolate the faulty part from the healthy part. In this article, we will learn about basic definition of a fault in power system, its main causes and effects. So, let’s get started with the basic definition of the electrical fault in power system. What is a Fault in ... Read More
The main difference between primary protection and backup protection is in their functionality. Primary Protection is provided to quickly detect the fault and isolate the faulty section from the healthy part, while Backup Protection is provided to isolate the faulty and healthy parts if the primary protection fails. In this article, we will discuss in detail about the primary and backup protections used in power systems along with the major differences between them. So, let’s begin with a basic introduction of primary and secondary protections. What is Primary Protection? Primary protection is defined as the initial layer of protection ... Read More
To Continue Learning Please Login