What is the associativity of Python's ** operator?

From the Python docs:

Operators in the same box group left to right (except for comparisons), including tests, which all have the same precedence and chain from left to right — see section Comparisons — and exponentiation, which groups from right to left).

So the ** operator(exponentiation) is right to left associative. For example,

2 ** 3 ** 4 will be evaluated as: (2 ** (3 ** 4))

For example,

print(2 ** 3 ** 0)

This will give the output:

2

Lakshmi Srinivas

Programmer / Analyst / Technician

Updated on: 17-Jun-2020

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