What are executable statements in C language?

A ‘C’ program contains executable statements. A compiler helps to translate the executable statements into machine language.

When a user runs the program, he/she machines the language statements which are executed by the compiler.

Types of executable statements

The types of executable statements in C language are as follows −

• Input – output statements
• Assignment statements

Input-output statements

• Storing a value into memory is called ‘input operation’.

• After executing the computations, the results are stored in memory and the results can be displayed to the user by ‘output operation’.

• All i/o operations are performed using input / output functions.

• The most common I/O functions are supplied through the preprocessor directive # include<stdio.h>.

• The most commonly used I/O functions are printf ( ) and scanf ( ).

printf ( ) function

The syntax is as follows −

printf("format string", print list);

For example,

printf ("average of 3 numbers = %f",avg);

• The printf ( ) displays the value of its format string

scanf ( ) function

The syntax is as follows −

scanf ("format string", input list);

For example, scanf ("%d %f", &a, &b);

• The scanf ( ) copies data typed at the keyboard into memory during program execution.

• The input list is preceded by ampersand ( &).

Assignment statements

The assignment statements store a value in a variable and is used to perform arithmetic operations in a program.

Syntax

The syntax is as follows −

variable=expression

For example,

• c = a+b;
• avg = sum/3;
• r1 = (b*b – 4 * a*c);

Example

Following is the C program for computing an average of three numbers −

 Live Demo

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
main(){
   int a,b,c,d;
   float avg;
   printf("Enter values for a,b,c:
");
   scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);// The scanf ( ) copies data typed at the keyboard into
   //memory during program execution.
   d=a+b+c; //assignment stmt
   avg=d/3;
   printf("Average avg=%f",avg);
}

Output

You will see the following output −

Enter values for a,b,c:2 3 4
Average avg=3.000000