Turtle programming in Python

Turtle is a special feature of Python. Using Turtle, we can easily draw in a drawing board.

First, we import the turtle module. Then create a window, we create a turtle object, and using the turtle() method we can draw on the drawing board.

Some turtle method

METHOD	PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
Turtle()	None	It creates and returns a new turtle object
forward()	amount	It moves the turtle forward by the specified amount
backward()	amount	It moves the turtle backward by the specified amount
right()	angle	It turns the turtle clockwise
left()	angle	It turns the turtle counter clockwise
penup()	None	It picks up the turtle’s Pen
pendown()	None	Puts down the turtle’s Pen
up()	None	Picks up the turtle’s Pen
down()	None	Puts down the turtle’s Pen
color()	Color name	Changes the color of the turtle’s pen
fillcolor()	Color name	Changes the color of the turtle will use to fill a polygon
heading()	None	It returns the current heading
position()	None	It returns the current position
goto()	x, y	It moves the turtle to position x,y
begin_fill()	None	Remember the starting point for a filled polygon
end_fill()	None	It closes the polygon and fills with the current fill color
dot()	None	Leaves the dot at the current position
stamp()	None	Leaves an impression of a turtle shape at the current location
shape()	shapename	Should be ‘arrow’, ‘classic’, ‘turtle’ or ‘circle’

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
my_window = turtle.Screen() 
my_window.bgcolor("blue")       # creates a graphics window
my_pen = turtle.Turtle()      
my_pen.forward(150)           
my_pen.left(90)               
my_pen.forward(75)
my_pen.color("white")
my_pen.pensize(12)

Output

Draw a Square

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
my_pen = turtle.Turtle()      
for i in range(4):
   my_pen.forward(50)           
   my_pen.right(90)               
turtle.done()

Output

Draw a star

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
my_pen = turtle.Turtle()      
for i in range(50):
   my_pen.forward(50)           
   my_pen.right(144)               
turtle.done()

Output

Draw a Hexagon

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
polygon = turtle.Turtle()
my_num_sides = 6
my_side_length = 70
my_angle = 360.0 / my_num_sides
for i in range(my_num_sides):
   polygon.forward(my_side_length)           
   polygon.right(my_angle) 
turtle.done()

Output

Draw a square inside another square box.

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
my_wn = turtle.Screen()
my_wn.bgcolor("light blue")
my_wn.title("Turtle")
my_pen = turtle.Turtle()
my_pen.color("black")
def my_sqrfunc(size):
   for i in range(4):
      my_pen.fd(size)
      my_pen.left(90)
      size = size - 5
my_sqrfunc(146)
my_sqrfunc(126)
my_sqrfunc(106)
my_sqrfunc(86)
my_sqrfunc(66)
my_sqrfunc(46)
my_sqrfunc(26)

Output

Drawing of another pattern

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
my_wn = turtle.Screen()
turtle.speed(2)
for i in range(30):
   turtle.circle(5*i)
   turtle.circle(-5*i)
   turtle.left(i)
turtle.exitonclick()

Output

Drawing of another pattern

Example code

# import turtle library
import turtle             
colors = [ "red","purple","blue","green","orange","yellow"]
my_pen = turtle.Pen()
turtle.bgcolor("black")
for x in range(360):
   my_pen.pencolor(colors[x % 6])
   my_pen.width(x/100 + 1)
   my_pen.forward(x)
   my_pen.left(59)

Output