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static keyword in C++ vs Java
In C++ or Java we can get the static keyword. They are mostly same, but there are some basic differences between these two languages. Let us see the differences between static in C++ and static in Java.
The static data members are basically same in Java and C++. The static data members are the property of the class, and it is shared to all of the objects.
Example
public class Test {
static int ob_count = 0;
Test() {
ob_count++;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Test object1 = new Test();
Test object2 = new Test();
System.out.println("The number of created objects: " + ob_count);
}
}Output
The number of created objects: 2
Example
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Test {
public:
static int ob_count;
Test() {
ob_count++;
}
};
int Test::ob_count = 0;
int main() {
Test object1, object2;
cout << "The number of created objects: " << Test::ob_count;
}Output
The number of created objects: 2
The static member functions - In C++ and Java, we can create static member functions. These are also member of that class. There are some restrictions also.
- The static methods can only call some other static methods.
- They can only access the static member variables
- They cannot access the ‘this’ or ‘super’ (for Java only)
In C++ and Java, the static members can be accessed without creating some objects
Example
//This is present in the different file named MyClass.java
public class MyClass {
static int x = 10;
public static void myFunction() {
System.out.println("The static data from static member: " + x);
}
}
//This is present the different file named Test.Java
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyClass.myFunction();
}
}Output
The static data from static member: 10
Example
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyClass {
public:
static int x;
static void myFunction(){
cout << "The static data from static member: " << x;
}
};
int MyClass::x = 10;
int main() {
MyClass::myFunction();
}Output
The static data from static member: 10
The static block: In Java we can find the static block. This is also known as static clause. These are used for static initialization of a class. The code, which is written inside the static block, will be executed only once. This is not present in C++
In C++ we can declare static local variables, but in Java the static local variables are not supported.
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