Program to find largest island after changing one water cell to land cell in Python

Suppose we have a binary matrix where 1 represents land and 0 represents water. And an island is a group of 1s that are surrounded by water. We have to find the size of the largest island. We are allowed to change at most one water cell to land cell.

So, if the input is like

then the output will be 7, as we can turn one water cells to land to connect the two islands. So final matrix is like −

To solve this, we will follow these steps −

• R := row count of mat, C := column count of mat

• mass := a new map

• id := 555

• Define a function floodfill() . This will take r, c, id

• if r and c are in range of matrix and mat[r, c] is 1, then

  • mat[r, c] := id

  • mass[id] := mass[id] + 1

  • for each pair (r2, c2) in [(r + 1, c) ,(r − 1, c) ,(r, c + 1) ,(r, c − 1) ], do

    • floodfill(r2, c2, id)

• From the main method do the following −

• for r in range 0 to R, do

  • for c in range 0 to C, do

    • if mat[r, c] is same as 1, then

      • id := id + 1

      • mass[id] := 0

      • floodfill(r, c, id)

• ans := maximum of (all values of mass and 1)

• for r in range 0 to R − 1, do

  • for c in range 0 to C − 1, do

    • if mat[r, c] is not same as 0, then

      • go for next iteration

    • island_set := a new set

    • for each pair (r2, c2) in [(r + 1, c) ,(r − 1, c) ,(r, c + 1) ,(r, c − 1) ], do

      • if r2 and c2 are in range of mat and mat[r2, c2] is 1, then

        • add mat[r2, c2] into island_set

      • ans := maximum of ans and (1 + sum of all mass[island] for each island in island_set)

• return ans

Let us see the following implementation to get better understanding −

Example

 Live Demo

class Solution:
   def solve(self, mat):
      R, C = len(mat), len(mat[0])
      mass = {}
      id = 555
      def floodfill(r, c, id):
         nonlocal R, C, mat, mass
         if 0 <= r < R and 0 <= c < C and mat[r][c] == 1:
            mat[r][c] = id
            mass[id] += 1
            for r2, c2 in [(r + 1, c), (r − 1, c), (r, c + 1),
               (r, c − 1)]:
               floodfill(r2, c2, id)
                  for r in range(R):
      for c in range(C):
         if mat[r][c] == 1:
            id += 1
            mass[id] = 0
            floodfill(r, c, id)
      ans = max([val for val in mass.values()] + [1])
      for r in range(R):
         for c in range(C):
            if mat[r][c] != 0:
               continue
            island_set = set()
            for r2, c2 in [(r + 1, c), (r − 1, c), (r, c + 1),(r, c − 1)]:
               if 0 <= r2 < R and 0 <= c2 < C and mat[r2][c2]:
                  island_set.add(mat[r2][c2])
               ans = max(ans, 1 + sum([mass[island] for island in island_set]))
         return ans
ob = Solution()
matrix = [
   [1, 0, 1],
   [0, 0, 0],
   [1, 1, 0],
   [1, 1, 1]
]
print(ob.solve(matrix))

Input

[
[1, 0, 1],
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 0],
[1, 1, 1] ]

Output

7