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What are Ions and Neutrons?
Ions are atoms or molecules which have gained or lost one or more valence electrons, giving the ion a net positive or negative charge.
Cations are positively charged ions. They are formed when a metal loses its electrons. They lose one or more than one electron and do not lose any protons. Therefore they possess a net positive charge. Some examples of cations are Calcium (Ca2+), Potassium (K+), hydrogen (H+).
Anions are negatively charged ions. They are formed when a non-metal gains electrons. They gain one or more than one electron. Therefore they possess a net negative charge. Some examples of anions are Chloride ions (Cl-), Iodide(I-), Bromide ions (Br-).
An atom consists of three basic particles:-
1. Electron- Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles revolving around the nucleus in orbits and have a mass of approximately 0amu and have a charge of -1.
2. Proton- Positively charged subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom and determining the atomic number of an element. It weighs 1amu.
3. Neutron- A subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom. It has no charge. It is equal in mass to a proton or it weighs 1amu.
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