Establish the relationship between atomic number, mass number, isotopes, isobars, and valency of an atom.
Atomic number — Gives the number of protons (Z)
Mass number — Gives the number of protons and neutrons (A)
Isotopes — When atoms of the same element have the same number of protons (Z) but the different number of neutrons (s) such atoms are called isotopes.
Isobars — When atoms of the different elements have the same mass number (A) but the different atomic number (Z) such atoms are called isobars.
Valency — It is the combining capacity of an atom.
E.g.,
| 146C | 126C
|
(Protons = Z)
| Z = 6 | Z = 6 |
| (Protons+Neutrons =A) | A = 14 | A = 12 |
| Combining capacity | Valency=4 | Valency = 4. |
Hence, both are isotopes of C.
Isobars are elements having the same mass number but different atomic number
4020Ca 4018Ar.
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