How to write text above the bars on a bar plot (Python Matplotlib)?

Matplotlib Python Data Visualization

Python Data Science basics with Numpy, Pandas and Matplotlib

Data Visualization using MatPlotLib & Seaborn

DATAhill Solutions Srinivas Reddy

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MatPlotLib with Python

DATAhill Solutions Srinivas Reddy

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To write text above the bars on a bar plot, we can take the following steps

Set the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.
Create lists of year, population and x. Initialize a width variable.
Create a figure and a set of subplots using subplots() method.
Set ylabels, title, xtickas and xticklabels.
Plot the bars using bar() method with x, population and width data.
Iterate the bar patches and place text at the top of the bars using text() method.
To display the figure, use show() method.

Example

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50]
plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True
years = [1901, 1911, 1921, 1931, 1941, 1951, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011]
population = [237.4, 238.4, 252.09, 251.31, 278.98, 318.66, 361.09,
439.23, 548.16, 683.33, 846.42, 1028.74]
x = np.arange(len(years)) # the label locations
width = 0.35 # the width of the bars
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_ylabel('Population(in million)')
ax.set_title('Years')
ax.set_xticks(x)
ax.set_xticklabels(years)
pps = ax.bar(x - width / 2, population, width, label='population')
for p in pps:
height = p.get_height()
ax.text(x=p.get_x() + p.get_width() / 2, y=height+.10,
s="{}".format(height),
ha='center')
plt.show()