How to repeat a simulation to a fixed number of times in R?

Often, we simulate random values from different distributions in R. The base R provides some inbuilt functions for the same and if we want to repeat the simulation a fixed number of times then we write these inbuilt functions again and again. But we can do multiple simulations using a single line of code with the help of replicate function, that means if we want to simulate ten uniform random variables ten times then it can be done by using replicate function.

Examples

replicate(10,runif(5,2,5))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8]
[1,] 4.021137 4.973298 2.423433 3.485005 3.993855 4.860645 4.958935 3.091090
[2,] 2.284574 2.529052 2.579930 2.249342 2.937469 4.436915 2.880817 3.327777
[3,] 3.477788 4.440306 4.524055 3.061653 3.217069 4.346546 3.198053 2.470142
[4,] 3.384656 2.205340 4.159742 4.907626 4.988232 2.803634 4.436395 3.746616
[5,] 3.125650 3.201349 2.801636 3.874143 4.565247 4.286455 2.231455 4.910487
[,9] [,10]
[1,] 4.968500 2.807881
[2,] 2.529356 3.407753
[3,] 3.626391 2.515400
[4,] 3.152912 3.107568
[5,] 4.028492 4.176216
replicate(10,rnorm(10))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,] -0.03472603 -0.1587546 -1.0479844 2.49766159 1.51974503 1.80314191
[2,] 0.78763961 1.4645873 1.4411577 0.66706617 -0.30874057 -0.33113204
[3,] 2.07524501 -0.7660820 -1.0158475 0.54132734 -1.25328976 -1.60551341
[4,] 1.02739244 -0.4302118 0.4119747 -0.01339952 0.64224131 0.19719344
[5,] 1.20790840 -0.9261095 -0.3810761 0.51010842 -0.04470914 0.26317565
[6,] -1.23132342 -0.1771040 0.4094018 -0.16437583 -1.73321841 -0.98582670
[7,] 0.98389557 0.4020118 1.6888733 0.42069464 0.00213186 -2.88892067
[8,] 0.21992480 -0.7317482 1.5865884 -0.40024674 -0.63030033 -0.64048170
[9,] -1.46725003 0.8303732 -0.3309078 -1.37020788 -0.34096858 0.57050764
[10,] 0.52102274 -1.2080828 -2.2852355 0.98783827 -1.15657236 -0.05972328
[,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
[1,] -0.098178744 -2.00016494 1.1462284 0.2700549
[2,] 0.560820729 -0.54479074 -2.4030962 -0.4221840
[3,] -1.186458639 -0.25567071 0.5727396 -1.1891133
[4,] 1.096777044 -0.16612104 0.3747244 -0.3310330
[5,] -0.005344028 1.02046391 -0.4252677 -0.9398293
[6,] 0.707310667 0.13622189 0.9510128 -0.2589326
[7,] 1.034107735 0.40716760 -0.3892372 0.3943792
[8,] 0.223480415 -0.06965481 -0.2843307 -0.8518571
[9,] -0.878707613 -0.24766434 0.8574098 2.6491669
[10,] 1.162964556 0.69555081 1.7196273 0.1560117
replicate(10,rpois(10,2))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
[1,] 4 2 1 1 2 3 4 3 4 4
[2,] 2 0 2 5 1 4 1 1 1 1
[3,] 0 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 4
[4,] 4 3 0 0 2 3 2 1 3 1
[5,] 3 4 3 2 3 5 3 1 2 3
[6,] 1 3 2 2 2 5 1 2 1 1
[7,] 0 1 2 0 2 1 1 1 0 0
[8,] 0 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 0 4
[9,] 3 1 3 5 1 5 2 2 3 3
[10,] 3 5 3 3 2 0 0 4 2 4
replicate(10,rbinom(10,5,0.5))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
[1,] 3 2 3 3 1 4 3 0 3 2
[2,] 4 3 3 3 3 4 2 3 3 3
[3,] 2 1 4 1 4 3 1 4 3 3
[4,] 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 2
[5,] 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2
[6,] 1 3 2 3 3 1 2 4 2 2
[7,] 2 4 2 2 3 2 0 2 2 2
[8,] 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 4 4
[9,] 3 2 2 0 5 4 2 2 1 1
[10,] 4 3 2 4 2 3 3 1 1 3
replicate(10,rexp(10))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7]
[1,] 0.7822614 0.64055999 0.03590114 1.1074904 0.02485982 0.09323768 2.8820092
[2,] 0.8264378 3.52891739 0.25049067 1.2416415 1.16104002 0.72035249 2.0840196
[3,] 1.6971206 0.01968048 1.74404420 1.1209358 0.91593295 0.28866203 1.2839715
[4,] 0.5542900 2.05536616 1.08620612 0.2659871 0.45566092 0.43113440 0.7463572
[5,] 1.6520526 0.32750367 0.02387113 0.1682497 0.39945753 1.09981407 1.3789315
[6,] 0.1233453 1.70961534 0.49022027 0.4341817 0.53964602 0.03520212 0.1551040
[7,] 1.7054235 0.24085585 0.78616815 1.0889313 1.29652089 0.02508916 4.6104278
[8,] 0.1305380 0.86247276 0.35421220 0.1085667 0.15360932 0.44083157 0.7275564
[9,] 0.4543620 0.72478187 1.08493705 0.4859448 2.30119268 1.40085866 1.2067531
[10,] 0.3309523 3.01016040 0.02198192 0.6393966 0.35040744 0.38360324 1.0219670
[,8] [,9] [,10]
[1,] 0.6233317 4.3840724 0.04492254
[2,] 1.1629399 1.6790634 0.57846298
[3,] 0.1625552 0.6637980 0.38950670
[4,] 1.0158195 0.5336855 2.14465830
[5,] 6.5845330 0.7842684 3.61503168
[6,] 2.1322730 1.8916008 0.80238862
[7,] 2.4546722 1.4278140 0.40788367
[8,] 4.8369268 1.5715413 0.22545376
[9,] 1.0361297 2.2472477 0.02716078
[10,] 2.1053047 3.1449373 0.44848939
replicate(10,rnorm(10,mean=0,sd=1))
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,] -0.55654217 0.6963785 1.24215556 -0.4450052 0.19801302 -0.604711661
[2,] -0.18058414 0.9151825 0.62015220 0.0696951 0.39734910 0.539054406
[3,] 1.44744029 -0.9233743 0.09990307 -0.1546717 0.02922549 -0.076830886
[4,] -0.60713145 1.1468733 1.80770349 -0.8312635 2.56027339 1.849919560
[5,] 0.67936243 -0.6358650 -1.50242998 0.7615444 1.25712771 -0.854907551
[6,] -0.09355764 -0.8864433 0.28564047 -0.5765069 -0.53453769 0.032637295
[7,] -0.49008629 -2.3331367 0.84570696 -0.6263682 -0.62522743 -1.025059481
[8,] 1.41065938 -0.1454908 -0.99534264 0.4813353 0.91384869 -0.982249076
[9,] -0.22457379 0.3169640 -0.25685412 1.6952711 1.00719953 0.004101957
[10,] -0.21249549 -0.7074700 -0.05585604 -1.7612263 0.71929182 -0.233427178
[,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
[1,] -0.49888822 -0.99119725 -1.2128550 -0.1948464
[2,] 1.54971296 -0.09449734 -0.2189642 -0.2952820
[3,] 0.08749692 -2.87514168 0.5642682 0.4966404
[4,] 1.31870113 -0.24686610 -0.5254344 0.4849128
[5,] -0.98122412 0.01474449 0.7443742 0.0187845
[6,] -0.24562259 -1.91908770 0.1289818 0.6347746
[7,] -1.40393384 -0.28781374 1.4882743 0.7544441
[8,] 1.44089315 -0.34663745 -0.6626820 0.8335890
[9,] -0.98135999 -1.83958858 -1.1606550 0.9657613
[10,] 1.47424490 0.89858894 0.3587742 1.2938800

Nizamuddin Siddiqui

Updated on: 24-Aug-2020

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