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How to limit the number of results returned from grep in Linux?
In order to be able to grep limit the number of results returned from grep command in Linux, we must first understand what a grep command is and how to use it on Linux.
The grep command in Linux is used to filter searches in a file for a particular pattern of characters. It is one of the most used Linux utility commands to display the lines that contain the pattern that we are trying to search.
Normally, the pattern that we are trying to search in the file is referred to as the regular expression.
Syntax
grep [options] pattern [files]
While there are plenty of different options available to us, some of the most used are −
-c : It lists only a count of the lines that match a pattern -h : displays the matched lines only. -i : Ignores, case for matching -l : prints filenames only -n : Display the matched lines and their line numbers. -v : It prints out all the lines that do not match the pattern
Syntax
grep -rni "word" *
In the above command replace the “word” placeholder with
For that we make use of the command shown below −
grep -rni "func main()" *
The above command will try to find a string “func main()” in all the files in a particular directory and also in the subdirectories as well.
Output
main.go:120:func main() {}
In case we only want to find a particular pattern in a single directory and not the subdirectories then we need to use the command shown below −
grep -s "func main()" *
In the above command we made use of the -s flag which will help us to not get a warning for each subdirectory that is present inside the directory where we are running the command.
Output
main.go:120:func main() {}Now, consider that I have a .txt file and the content of the file looks something like this.
Command
immukul@192 d2 % cat 2.txt orange apple is great together apple not great is apple good orange good apple not
Now I want to use the grep command for all the lines that contain both the words ‘apple’ and ‘orange’.
Command
grep 'orange' 2.txt | grep 'apple'
Output
immukul@192 d2 % grep 'orange' 2.txt | grep 'apple' orange apple is great together orange good apple not
Now that we can notice that two strings matched with our grep query, we can limit the result with the help of the command shown below
Command
grep -m 1 'orange' 2.txt | grep 'apple
Output
immukul@192 d2 % grep -m 1 'orange' 2.txt | grep 'apple' orange apple is great together
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