How to find the number of unique values in each row of an R data frame?

To find the number of unique values in each row of an R data frame, we can use apply function with length and unique function. For example, if we have a data frame called df that contains multiple columns then the number of unique values in each row of df can be found by using the command apply(df,1,function(x) length(unique(x))).

Example1

Consider the below data frame −

> x1<-rpois(20,2)
> x2<-rpois(20,2)
> x3<-rpois(20,2)
> x4<-rpois(20,2)
> df1<-data.frame(x1,x2,x3,x4)
> df1

Output

<p>   x1 x2 x3 x4
1   3  1  1  2
2   3  2  0  2
3   3  2  0  1
4   3  0  3  1
5   3  1  1  2
6   4  4  2  4
7   1  0  2  1
8   0  4  1  2
9   1  4  4  4
10  2  1  2  4
11  1  4  1  2
12  2  5  0  3
13  1  0  3  0
14  2  1  2  2
15  1  0  6  3
16  1  0  5  2
17  3  1  0  3
18  1  3  7  4
19  2  0  1  3
20  1  4  3  0</p>

Finding the number of unique values in each row of df1 −

> apply(df1,1,function(x) length(unique(x)))
[1] 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 4 3 2 4 4 3 4 4 4

Example2

> y1<-rpois(20,1)
> y2<-rpois(20,1)
> y3<-rpois(20,1)
> y4<-rpois(20,1)
> y5<-rpois(20,1)
> df2<-data.frame(y1,y2,y3,y4,y5)
> df2

Output

<p>   y1 y2 y3 y4 y5
1   2  0  0  0  1
2   0  1  0  1  3
3   1  1  1  1  1
4   4  1  1  1  0
5   3  0  0  0  0
6   0  0  0  1  1
7   0  0  3  0  0
8   1  2  3  1  1
9   1  1  3  0  1
10  2  1  1  1  1
11  0  2  0  2  1
12  2  0  1  0  1
13  0  2  0  0  1
14  0  0  1  3  0
15  1  1  2  1  0
16  1  2  2  2  1
17  0  0  0  1  1
18  0  2  0  0  1
19  1  1  0  1  2
20  2  2  0  2  2</p>

Finding the number of unique values in each row of df2 −

> apply(df2,1,function(x) length(unique(x)))

Output

[1] 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2
Updated on: 2026-03-11T22:50:56+05:30

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