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How to convert a variable into zero mean and unit variance in an R data frame?
Converting a variable into zero mean and unit variance means that we want to standardize the variable and it can be done with the help of scale function we can follow the below steps −
- First of all, creating data frame.
- Then using scale function to convert the variable into zero mean and unit variance.
Create the data frame
Let's create a data frame as shown below −
x<-sample(1:100,20) df<-data.frame(x) df
On executing, the above script generates the below output(this output will vary on your system due to randomization) −
x 1 87 2 17 3 28 4 100 5 41 6 44 7 25 8 92 9 37 10 3 11 9 12 46 13 15 14 53 15 29 16 65 17 99 18 91 19 83 20 51
Converting variable zero mean and unit variance
Use scale function to convert x into zero mean and unit variance variable −
x<-sample(1:100,20) df<-data.frame(x) Converted_df<-scale(df$x) Converted_df
Output
[,1] [1,] 1.143807532 [2,] -1.064924254 [3,] -0.717837830 [4,] 1.554000578 [5,] -0.307644784 [6,] -0.212984851 [7,] -0.812497764 [8,] 1.301574088 [9,] -0.433858029 [10,] -1.506670611 [11,] -1.317350744 [12,] -0.149878228 [13,] -1.128030876 [14,] 0.070994950 [15,] -0.686284519 [16,] 0.449634685 [17,] 1.522447267 [18,] 1.270020777 [19,] 1.017594287 [20,] 0.007888328 attr(,"scaled:center") [1] 50.75 attr(,"scaled:scale") [1] 31.69239
Updated on 13-Aug-2021 11:48:31
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