How to concatenate two or more vectors in R?

The concatenation of vectors can be done by using combination function c. For example, if we have three vectors x, y, z then the concatenation of these vectors can be done as c(x,y,z). Also, we can concatenate different types of vectors at the same time using the same same function.

Example1

 Live Demo

set.seed(999)
x1<−1:10
x1

Output

[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Example

 Live Demo

x2<−10:1
x2

Output

[1] 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example

c(x1,x2)

Output

[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example2

 Live Demo

x3<−sample(0:5,100,replace=TRUE)
x3

Output

[1] 2 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 2 2 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 4 4 0 1 1 3 0 4 2 1 0 0 2 1 1
[38] 3 3 3 0 1 4 0 1 4 5 0 1 4 5 3 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 2 3 0 3 0 3 2 0 4 1 2 0 2 1 5
[75] 4 0 4 4 3 5 1 5 3 5 2 0 4 1 4 4 4 2 3 5 3 2 0 5 4 0

Example

 Live Demo

x4<−sample(1:5,120,replace=TRUE)
x4

Output

[1] 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 3 2 4 3 1 5 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 5 5 3 1 4 4 2 4 3
[38] 2 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 1 2 2 4 2 4 2 3 4 2 1 5 2 4 1 4 4 2
[75] 2 2 1 5 1 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 1 4 2 5 5 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 3 5 2 3 1 1 2 5 5 5 1 2 2
[112] 1 4 2 3 2 2 4 5 1

Example

c(x3,x4)

Output

[1] 2 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 2 2 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 4 4 0 1 1 3 0 4 2 1 0 0 2 1 1
[38] 3 3 3 0 1 4 0 1 4 5 0 1 4 5 3 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 2 3 0 3 0 3 2 0 4 1 2 0 2 1 5
[75] 4 0 4 4 3 5 1 5 3 5 2 0 4 1 4 4 4 2 3 5 3 2 0 5 4 0 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 4 1
[112] 1 1 4 3 2 4 3 1 5 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 5 5 3 1 4 4 2 4 3 2 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 3 1
[149] 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 1 2 2 4 2 4 2 3 4 2 1 5 2 4 1 4 4 2 2 2 1 5 1 1 2 3 2 3 4
[186] 3 1 4 2 5 5 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 3 5 2 3 1 1 2 5 5 5 1 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 4 5 1

Example

c(x3,x4,x1,x2)

Output

[1] 2 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 2 2 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 4 4 0
[26] 1 1 3 0 4 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 3 0 1 4 0 1 4 5 0 1 4
[51] 5 3 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 2 3 0 3 0 3 2 0 4 1 2 0 2 1 5 4
[76] 0 4 4 3 5 1 5 3 5 2 0 4 1 4 4 4 2 3 5 3 2 0 5 4 0
[101] 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 3 2 4 3 1 5 2 1 4 3 2
[126] 1 2 1 5 5 3 1 4 4 2 4 3 2 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 3 1 4 2
[151] 2 2 1 4 3 1 1 2 2 4 2 4 2 3 4 2 1 5 2 4 1 4 4 2 2
[176] 2 1 5 1 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 1 4 2 5 5 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 3 5
[201] 2 3 1 1 2 5 5 5 1 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 4 5 1 1 2 3 4 5
[226] 6 7 8 9 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example

c(x1,x4,x2)

Output

[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 3
[26] 2 4 3 1 5 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 5 5 3 1 4 4 2 4 3 2 5 2
[51] 4 3 3 4 2 4 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 1 2 2 4 2 4 2 3 4
[76] 2 1 5 2 4 1 4 4 2 2 2 1 5 1 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 1 4 2 5
[101] 5 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 3 5 2 3 1 1 2 5 5 5 1 2 2 1 4 2 3
[126] 2 2 4 5 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example

c(x1,x3,x2)

Output

[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 2 2
[26] 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 4 4 0 1 1 3 0 4 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 3
[51] 0 1 4 0 1 4 5 0 1 4 5 3 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 2 3 0 3 0 3
[76] 2 0 4 1 2 0 2 1 5 4 0 4 4 3 5 1 5 3 5 2 0 4 1 4 4
[101] 4 2 3 5 3 2 0 5 4 0 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example

c(x3,x2)

Output

[1] 2 3 4 0 5 0 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 2 2 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 4 4 0
[26] 1 1 3 0 4 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 3 0 1 4 0 1 4 5 0 1 4
[51] 5 3 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 2 3 0 3 0 3 2 0 4 1 2 0 2 1 5 4
[76] 0 4 4 3 5 1 5 3 5 2 0 4 1 4 4 4 2 3 5 3 2 0 5 4 0
[101] 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Example3

 Live Demo

x5<−sample(51:99,100,replace=TRUE)
x5

Output

[1] 97 61 72 75 80 57 78 80 84 65 81 95 58 77 72 77 93 84 87 66 71 61 57 99 76
[26] 86 57 53 95 90 93 60 90 72 79 92 81 99 96 55 71 73 57 86 86 86 72 53 93 56
[51] 76 53 53 64 68 98 55 66 64 66 61 90 85 81 92 84 92 58 74 69 94 74 88 67 99
[76] 76 73 94 97 85 59 75 93 57 73 97 53 60 81 52 97 75 86 93 99 93 68 67 86 81

Example

 Live Demo

x6<−sample(95:100,100,replace=TRUE)
x6

Output

[1] 100 96 98 97 98 97 98 96 99 96 100 99 96 99 99 96 98 96
[19] 99 96 97 100 100 97 99 100 97 97 95 95 98 98 95 95 95 96
[37] 98 98 97 98 97 99 97 98 100 96 96 98 98 99 98 95 97 95
[55] 100 97 98 100 95 99 99 97 95 98 95 97 100 98 96 95 97 95
[73] 97 99 98 96 95 99 95 100 98 97 95 97 97 100 96 95 97 96
[91] 95 98 97 100 95 98 96 98 95 98

Example

 Live Demo

x7<−sample(81:100,100,replace=TRUE)
x7

Output

[1]  86 94 91 85 89 95 87 100 95 83 81 89 90 81 95 82 89 89
[19] 91 88 86 82 88 94 88 91 81 94 82 85 82 82 90 85 86 87
[37] 83 83 100 94 81 97 95 93 91 86 91 98 90 89 82 81 81 89
[55] 85 86 99 94 100 99 87 98 85 81 90 89 90 91 96 86 91 86
[73] 94 84 89 84 82 91 99 87 97 95 84 96 98 91 93 88 95 99
[91] 90 84 83 91 89 81 82 91 91 97

Example

c(x6,x1)

Output

[1] 100 96 98 97 98 97 98 96 99 96 100 99 96 99 99 96 98 96
[19] 99 96 97 100 100 97 99 100 97 97 95 95 98 98 95 95 95 96
[37] 98 98 97 98 97 99 97 98 100 96 96 98 98 99 98 95 97 95
[55] 100 97 98 100 95 99 99 97 95 98 95 97 100 98 96 95 97 95
[73] 97 99 98 96 95 99 95 100 98 97 95 97 97 100 96 95 97 96
[91] 95 98 97 100 95 98 96 98 95 98 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
[109] 9 10

Example

c(x6,x2)

Output

[1] 100 96 98 97 98 97 98 96 99 96 100 99 96 99 99 96 98 96
[19] 99 96 97 100 100 97 99 100 97 97 95 95 98 98 95 95 95 96
[37] 98 98 97 98 97 99 97 98 100 96 96 98 98 99 98 95 97 95
[55] 100 97 98 100 95 99 99 97 95 98 95 97 100 98 96 95 97 95
[73] 97 99 98 96 95 99 95 100 98 97 95 97 97 100 96 95 97 96
[91] 95 98 97 100 95 98 96 98 95 98 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
[109] 2 1

Example

c(x7,x1)

Output

[1] 86 94 91 85 89 95 87 100 95 83 81 89 90 81 95 82 89 89
[19] 91 88 86 82 88 94 88 91 81 94 82 85 82 82 90 85 86 87
[37] 83 83 100 94 81 97 95 93 91 86 91 98 90 89 82 81 81 89
[55] 85 86 99 94 100 99 87 98 85 81 90 89 90 91 96 86 91 86
[73] 94 84 89 84 82 91 99 87 97 95 84 96 98 91 93 88 95 99
[91] 90 84 83 91 89 81 82 91 91 97 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
[109] 9 10

Example

c(x5,x2)

Output

[1] 97 61 72 75 80 57 78 80 84 65 81 95 58 77 72 77 93 84 87 66 71 61 57 99 76
[26] 86 57 53 95 90 93 60 90 72 79 92 81 99 96 55 71 73 57 86 86 86 72 53 93 56
[51] 76 53 53 64 68 98 55 66 64 66 61 90 85 81 92 84 92 58 74 69 94 74 88 67 99
[76] 76 73 94 97 85 59 75 93 57 73 97 53 60 81 52 97 75 86 93 99 93 68 67 86 81
[101] 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1