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How to change column names to capital letters from lower case or vice versa in R?
Mostly, we get data that contain column names in lowercase or just first letter is in upper case. If we want to convert those column names to all capital letter words or uppercase then toupper function can be used to the names of the columns. This can be done by using the below syntax −
Syntax
names(“data_frame_name”)<-toupper(names(“data_frame_name”))
Consider the below data frame −
Example
set.seed(101) Age<-sample(21:50,20) Experience<-sample(0:10,20,replace=TRUE) BP<-sample(60:140,20) Employees<-data.frame(Age,Experience,BP) Employees
Output
Age Experience BP 1 32 7 95 2 22 10 140 3 40 2 120 4 38 7 85 5 27 10 90 6 28 8 77 7 35 0 65 8 45 4 127 9 34 4 116 10 50 7 67 11 47 4 134 12 42 3 136 13 39 2 106 14 36 1 109 15 43 5 129 16 29 10 111 17 41 2 104 18 23 8 93 19 25 0 103 20 21 10 96
Converting Age and Experience to AGE and EXPERIENCE −
Example
names(Employees)<-toupper(names(Employees)) Employees
Output
AGE EXPERIENCE BP 1 29 4 140 2 45 9 103 3 34 9 85 4 43 10 68 5 37 4 62 6 42 9 133 7 23 4 79 8 44 3 125 9 50 7 124 10 47 7 104 11 41 3 87 12 22 5 81 13 46 7 130 14 48 6 89 15 32 9 84 16 21 9 128 17 33 8 139 18 26 9 77 19 28 8 106 20 30 4 109
Let’s have a look at another example −
Group1<-sample(0:20,20) Group2<-sample(0:20,20) Group3<-sample(0:20,20) Group4<-sample(0:20,20) Group5<-sample(0:20,20) Group6<-sample(0:20,20) Group7<-sample(0:20,20) Group8<-sample(0:20,20) Group9<-sample(0:20,20) Group10<-sample(0:20,20)
Example
Student<-data.frame(Group1,Group2,Group3,Group4,Group5,Group6,Group7,Group8,Group9,Group10) Student
Output
Group1 Group2 Group3 Group4 Group5 Group6 Group7 Group8 Group9 Group10 1 16 3 13 6 12 8 10 20 7 20 2 11 20 15 14 6 18 0 0 11 16 3 1 18 3 18 13 20 6 11 6 0 4 8 8 11 15 19 9 12 14 5 10 5 9 11 2 5 0 11 15 4 4 3 6 4 4 17 0 4 13 13 18 8 19 7 13 12 19 13 10 7 14 19 17 6 8 18 1 4 10 14 4 7 10 13 2 9 17 6 10 3 15 5 1 17 14 17 10 14 17 6 7 11 19 20 3 16 18 11 15 9 1 2 18 3 3 9 10 14 12 2 15 18 11 3 10 9 5 19 9 13 12 7 9 17 16 2 19 8 20 8 14 19 10 16 8 5 1 17 1 12 5 15 5 5 0 4 8 1 5 5 16 3 16 3 0 8 20 20 6 2 13 9 11 17 0 14 14 12 17 14 4 12 15 1 18 4 18 20 2 20 1 7 16 8 7 1 19 7 13 7 9 2 12 18 6 15 7 20 6 16 5 16 9 0 16 15 2 13
Converting column names from Group1 to GROUP1 and so on for all columns −
Example
names(Student)<-toupper(names(Student)) Student
Output
GROUP1 GROUP2 GROUP3 GROUP4 GROUP5 GROUP6 GROUP7 GROUP8 GROUP9 GROUP10 1 16 3 13 6 12 8 10 20 7 20 2 11 20 15 14 6 18 0 0 11 16 3 1 18 3 18 13 20 6 11 6 0 4 8 8 11 15 19 9 12 14 5 10 5 9 11 2 5 0 11 15 4 4 3 6 4 4 17 0 4 13 13 18 8 19 7 13 12 19 13 10 7 14 19 17 6 8 18 1 4 10 14 4 7 10 13 2 9 17 6 10 3 15 5 1 17 14 17 10 14 17 6 7 11 19 20 3 16 18 11 15 9 1 2 18 3 3 9 10 14 12 2 15 18 11 3 10 9 5 19 9 13 12 7 9 17 16 2 19 8 20 8 14 19 10 16 8 5 1 17 1 12 5 15 5 5 0 4 8 15 5 16 3 1 16 3 0 8 20 20 6 2 13 9 11 17 0 14 14 12 17 14 4 12 7 15 18 4 18 20 2 20 1 7 16 8 7 19 7 13 7 9 2 12 18 6 15 7 20 6 16 5 16 9 0 16 15 2 13
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