How to annotate a range of the X-axis in Matplotlib?

To annotate a range of the X-axis in matplotlib, we can take the following steps −

Set the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.
Create xx and yy data points using numpy.
Create a figure and a set of subplots.
Plot xx and yy data points using plot() method.
Set ylim of the axis.
Use annotate method to place arrow heads and range tag name.
To display the figure, use show() method.

Example

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50]
plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True

xx = np.linspace(0, 10)
yy = np.sin(xx)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)

ax.plot(xx, yy)
ax.set_ylim([-2, 2])

ax.annotate('', xy=(5,2), xytext=(8,2),
            xycoords='data', textcoords='data',
            arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '<|-|>'}, color='yellow')

ax.annotate('Maximum Range', xy=(5,5), ha='center', va='center', color='red')

plt.show()