Functional Programming - Eager vs Lazy Evaluation

Eager evaluation means expression is evaluated as soon as it is encountered where as lazy evaluation refers to evaluation of an expression when needed. See the following example to under the concept.

Example - Eager Evaluation

FunctionTester.java

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.util.function.Supplier;

public class FunctionTester {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String queryString = "password=test";
      System.out.println(checkInEagerWay(hasName(queryString)
         , hasPassword(queryString)));
   }

   private static boolean hasName(String queryString){
      System.out.println("Checking name: ");
      return queryString.contains("name");
   }

   private static boolean hasPassword(String queryString){
      System.out.println("Checking password: ");
      return queryString.contains("password");
   } 

   private static String checkInEagerWay(boolean result1, boolean result2){
      return (result1 && result2) ? "all conditions passed": "failed.";
   }
}

Output

Run the FunctionTester and verify the output.

Checking name: 
Checking password: 
failed.

Example - Lazy Evaluation

FunctionTester.java

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.util.function.Supplier;

public class FunctionTester {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String queryString = "password=test";
      System.out.println(checkInLazyWay(() -> hasName(queryString)
         , () -> hasPassword(queryString)));
   }

   private static boolean hasName(String queryString){
      System.out.println("Checking name: ");
      return queryString.contains("name");
   }

   private static boolean hasPassword(String queryString){
      System.out.println("Checking password: ");
      return queryString.contains("password");
   } 

   private static String checkInLazyWay(Supplier<Boolean> result1, Supplier<Boolean> result2){
      return (result1.get() && result2.get()) ? "all conditions passed": "failed.";
   }
}

Output

Run the FunctionTester and verify the output.

Checking name: 
failed.

Here checkInEagerWay() function first evaluated the parameters then executes its statement. Whereas checkInLazyWay() executes its statement and evaluates the parameter on need basis. As && is a short-circuit operator, checkInLazyWay only evaluated first parameter which comes as false and does not evaluate the second parameter at all.