Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Mathematics
English
Economics
Psychology
Social Studies
Fashion Studies
Legal Studies
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
- Developer's Best Practices
- Questions and Answers
- Effective Resume Writing
- HR Interview Questions
- Computer Glossary
- Who is Who
Explain how to convert CFG to CNF
CFG stands for context free grammar and CNF stands for Chomsky’s Normal Form in the theory of computation.
Context Free Grammar (CFG)
A context free grammar (CFG) is a forma grammar which is used to generate all possible patterns of strings in a given formal language.
It is defined as four tuples −
G=(V,T,P,S)
Where,
- G is a grammar, which consists of a set of production rules. It is used to generate the strings of a language.
- T is the final set of terminal symbols. It is denoted by lower case letters.
- V is the final set of non-terminal symbols. It is denoted by capital letters
- P is a set of production rules, which is used for replacing non-terminal symbols (on the left side of production) in a string with other terminals (on the right side of production).
Chomsky's Normal Form (CNF)
A context free grammar is in CNF, if the production rules satisfy one of the following conditions
- If there is start Symbol generating ε. Example − A-> ε
- If a non-terminal generates two non-terminals. Example − S->AB
- If a non-terminal generates a terminal. Example − S->a
Conversion
Follow the steps given below to successfully convert the CFG to CNF: −
Step 1 − Eliminate start symbol from right hand side (RHS)
If the start symbol S is at the right-hand side of any production,
Create a production as follows −
S1->S
Where, S1 is the new start symbol
Step 2 − In the grammar try to remove the null, unit and useless productions.
Step 3 − Eliminate terminals from RHS of the production if they exist with other non terminals or terminals.
Example − S->aA can be decomposed as follows −
S->RA
R->a
Finally, it is nothing but S->aA only.
Step 4 − Eliminate the RHS with more than two non-terminals.
Example − S->ABS can be decomposed as given below −
S->RS
R->AB
3K+ Views
