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Count pairs in an array such that at least one element is prime in C++
We are given an array of positive integers. The goal is to find the count of distinct pairs of elements of an array that have at-least one prime member. If the array is [1,2,3,4] then pairs would be (1,2), (1,3), (2,3), (2,4) and (3,4).
Let us understand with examples
Input − arr[] = { 1,2,4,8,10 };
Output − Count of pairs in an array such that at least one element is prime are − 4
Explanation − The only prime element is 2 and pairing it with all others will give − (1,2), (2,4), (2,8), (2,10).
Input − arr[] = { 0,1,4,6,15 };
Output − Count of pairs in an array such that at least one element is prime are − 0
Explanation − The array has no prime element.
Approach used in the below program is as follows
We will create an array arr_2[] for marking primes and non-primes. If arr_2[i] is 0 then i is prime else non-prime. If for any pair any value arr_2[A], arr_2[B] is 0 then pair (A,B) is counted.
Take an array arr[] of positive integers.
Function check_prime(int temp, int arr_2[] takes a value temp as highest and an array arr_2[] and populates arr_2[] with 0 for index as prime else 1.
Set arr_2[0]=arr_2[1]=0 as both 0 and 1 are non-prime.
Now using for loop, traverse from i=2 to i*i<temp.
Traverse from j=2*i to j<=temp and j+=i. Set arr_2[j]=1 for non primes.
Function Prime_Pairs(int arr[], int size) takes an array and its size and returns the count of such pairs in which at-least one element is prime.
Take the initial count as 0.
Initialize temp=*max_element(arr, arr + size) as maximum value among arrays.
Call check_prime(temp,arr_2). Where arr_2[] is initialized with 0’s and has length temp.
Now we will have arr_2[] where arr[i] is 0 for i as prime and 1 for i as non-prime.
Traverse array using two for loops from i=0 to i<size and j=0 to j<size.
For each pair arr[i], arr[j] check if arr_2[ arr[i] ] == 0 or arr_2[ arr[j] ] == 0. If yes then increment count.
Return count at the end of all loops as result.
Example
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void check_prime(int temp, int arr_2[]){
arr_2[0] = 1;
arr_2[1] = 1;
for(int i = 2; i * i <= temp; i++){
if (arr_2[i]==0){
for (int j = 2 * i; j <= temp; j += i){
arr_2[j] = 1;
}
}
}
}
int Prime_Pairs(int arr[], int size){
int count = 0;
int temp = *max_element(arr, arr + size);
int arr_2[temp + 1];
memset(arr_2, 0, sizeof(arr_2));
check_prime(temp, arr_2);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++){
for (int j = i + 1; j < size; j++){
if (arr_2[arr[i]] == 0 || arr_2[arr[j]] == 0){
count++;
}
}
}
return count;
}
int main(){
int arr[] = { 3, 5, 2, 7, 11, 14 };
int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
cout<<"Count of pairs in an array such that at least one element is prime are: "<<Prime_Pairs(arr, size);
return 0;
}Output
If we run the above code it will generate the following output −
Count of pairs in an array such that at least one element is prime are: 15
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