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Count and Print the alphabets having ASCII value not in the range [l, r] in C++
We are given with a string of any length and the task is to calculate the count and print the alphabets in a string having ASCII value not in the range [l,r]
ASCII value for character A-Z are given below
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 |
| T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 |
ASCII value for characters a-z are given below
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 7 | 9 8 | 9 9 | 10 0 | 10 1 | 10 2 | 10 3 | 10 4 | 10 5 | 10 6 | 10 7 | 10 8 | 10 9 | 11 0 | 11 1 | 11 2 | 11 3 | 11 4 | 11 5 |
| t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 |
For Example
Input − String str = “point First = 111, Last = 117 Output − characters not in the given range are: i, n Count is: 2
Explanation − since i and n don't lies in the range of [111, 117] these characters will be counted.
Input − String str = “ABCZXY First = 65, Last = 70 Output − characters in the given range are: A, B, C Count is: 3
Explanation − since Z, X and Y don’t lie in the range of [65, 70] these characters will be counted.
Approach used in the below program is as follows
Input the string, start and end values to create the range and store it in variables let’s say, str.
Calculate the length of the string using the length() function that will return an integer value as per the number of letters in the string including the spaces.
Take a temporary variable that will store the count of characters and create a map let’s say, mp
Start the loop from i to 0 till i is less than the length of the string
Inside the loop, check if start is less than not equals to str[i] and str[i] is less than not equals to end
Inside the if, check if mp[str[i]] ! = 1 then print str[i] else increase mp[str[i]] by 1
Return the count
Print the result
Example
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
using namespace std;
// To count the number of characters whose
// ascii value not in range [l, r]
int count_non_char(string str, int left, int right){
int count = 0;
// using map to print a character only once
unordered_map<char, int> m;
int len = str.length();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (!(left <= str[i] and str[i] <= right)){
count++;
if (m[str[i]] != 1){
cout << str[i] << " ";
m[str[i]]++;
}
}
}
// return the count
return count;
}
// main code
int main(){
string str = "tutorialspoint";
int left = 102, right = 111;
cout << "Characters and ";
cout << "\nand count in the given range is: " << count_non_char(str, left, right);
return 0;
}Output
If we run the above code it will generate the following output −
Characters and and count in the given range is: t u r a s p 8
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