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Articles by Pranavnath
Page 18 of 39
Difference between AS Override and Allowas In
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) features AS Override and Allowas In are used to control how BGP routing information is exchanged between Autonomous Systems (AS). These mechanisms help network administrators handle specific scenarios where standard BGP loop prevention rules need to be bypassed for legitimate network designs. AS Override AS Override is a BGP configuration option that allows a border router in one AS to replace the AS number of the directly connected AS when advertising routes to another AS. This is particularly useful in service provider networks where customers use private AS numbers or in hub-and-spoke topologies. ...
Read MoreWhat is Time-To-Live (TTL)?
Time to Live (TTL) is a mechanism in computer networking that prevents data packets from circulating indefinitely through a network. It is a field in the IP header that contains a numeric value representing the maximum number of hops (router-to-router jumps) a packet can make before being discarded. When a packet travels through a network, each router it passes through decrements the TTL value by one. Once the TTL reaches zero, the router drops the packet and typically sends an ICMP "Time Exceeded" message back to the sender. This prevents packets from looping forever due to routing errors or ...
Read MoreWhat is Tor Browser?
In today's digital age, privacy and security have become major concerns for internet users. While the web has made life more convenient and efficient, it has also made our personal data vulnerable to cybercriminals, government surveillance, and other prying eyes. This is where the Tor Browser comes into play. Tor, short for "The Onion Router, " is a free and open-source web browser that allows users to browse the internet anonymously and securely. It directs internet traffic through a network of volunteer-operated servers worldwide, making it difficult for anyone to trace online activity back to the user's device. ...
Read MoreWhat is Unified Threat Management(UTM)?
Security risks have become more complex and common in today's digital world. Cybercriminals continuously evolve their strategies for exploiting vulnerabilities in networks, applications, and devices. Organizations must implement comprehensive security measures to mitigate these threats. Unified Threat Management (UTM) is one such security technology that provides a comprehensive approach to network security. UTM is a security solution that integrates multiple security technologies into a single platform to address a wide range of threats. This article explains the concept of UTM, its functionality, and its advantages and disadvantages. What is Unified Threat Management (UTM)? Unified Threat Management (UTM) ...
Read MoreDifference between the bridge and gateway
In a computer network, physical devices are used to communicate from one to another. These devices are also called Network Hardware. The primary functions in computer networks are connectivity and controlling of network traffic. The network can be expanded or connected using network devices. A bridge is a network device that operates at the Data Link Layer to connect two LANs using the same protocol. A gateway is a network device that connects two disparate networks using different protocols, acting as a protocol converter and translator. Bridge vs Gateway Connection ...
Read MoreCisco Discovery Protocol(CDP) and Link Layer Dicovery Protocol(LLDP) in Data Link
The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) are Layer 2 discovery protocols that enable network devices to share information about themselves with directly connected neighbors. These protocols are essential for network management, troubleshooting, and topology discovery. CDP is a proprietary Cisco protocol, while LLDP is an open IEEE 802.1AB standard that works across multiple vendors. Both protocols operate at the data link layer and help administrators understand network topology without requiring higher-layer protocols. How Discovery Protocols Work Discovery protocols send periodic advertisements containing device information to directly connected neighbors. These messages are transmitted ...
Read MoreError Detection Code-Checksum
In networking systems, data transmission faces challenges from interference, noise, and other disturbances that can corrupt transmitted signals. This corruption can lead to significant problems like data misinterpretation and communication failures. To ensure data reliability, error detection codes like CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) and Checksum are employed. Error detection codes are added to data packet headers, allowing both sender and receiver to perform calculations that verify data integrity. Among these techniques, checksum stands out as one of the most widely used methods due to its simplicity and effectiveness. How Checksum Works A checksum is a computed value ...
Read MoreWhich Connection is Best - Fiber, Copper, or Wireless?
Before selecting the optimal internet connection − Fiber, Copper, or Wireless − it's essential to understand their characteristics and functionality in different environments. The choice depends on usage requirements, cost considerations, installation location, service needs, and data transfer speeds for activities like streaming, downloading large files, or accessing cloud applications. All internet connections rely on bandwidth (measured in Mbps or Gbps) to determine data capacity. Performance can degrade when multiple users access the same network simultaneously, creating bandwidth congestion and reducing connection speeds. Types of Internet Connections Internet connectivity is delivered through three primary mediums: Copper, Fiber ...
Read MoreDifference between Amazon S3 and Box
Both Amazon S3 and Box are popular cloud storage solutions that serve different purposes in the enterprise ecosystem. Amazon S3 is primarily an object storage service designed for developers and applications, while Box focuses on file sharing and collaboration for business users. Understanding their differences helps organizations choose the right solution for their specific needs. Amazon S3 vs Box Architecture Amazon S3 Bucket 1 Bucket 2 ...
Read MoreCyber System Security
Cyber System Security refers to the protection of interconnected computer systems, networks, and digital infrastructure from cyber threats and attacks. It encompasses a comprehensive approach to safeguarding Information Technology systems, networking components, and digital assets from unauthorized access, data breaches, and malicious activities. As technology advances, organizations face increasing risks and costs to maintain secure operations. Cyber System Security protects not only the technical infrastructure but also personal data, credentials, and sensitive information stored within these systems. Cyber System Security Components Cyber ...
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