The message-passing facility in Windows is called the local procedure call (LPC) facility. LPC is used for communication between two processes on the same machine. It is similar to the standard remote procedure call (RPC) mechanism that is widely used, but it is optimized for and specific to Windows. Windows uses a port object to establish and maintain a connection between two processes, like Mach. Two types of ports are used by Windows: connection ports and communication ports.The communication works as follows −Server processes publish connection-port objects that are visible to all processes.When a client wants services from a subsystem, ... Read More

WindowsThe window operating system is the extension of the disk operating system.Windows is the most popular and simplest operating system which can be used by any person who can read and understand basic English, as it does not require any special training.It requires DOS to run the various application programs initially. So, DOS should be installed into the memory and then window can be executed.LinuxLinux is one of popular version of UNIX operating System which is open source as its source code is freely available. It is free to use and wasdesigned considering UNIX compatibility. Linux’s functionality list is quite ... Read More

Operating SystemAn operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and acts as an interface between user and hardware of the computer. It provides common services for computer programs. The OS is a crucial component of the system software in a computer system.KernelKernel is the core part of operating system and responsible for all major activities of this operating system. Kernel consists of various modules and it interacts directly with the low level hardware. It also provides the required abstraction to hide low level hardware details to system or application programs. An operating system is ... Read More

Windows anonymous pipes are actually Ordinary pipes, and they behave similarly to their UNIX counterparts: they are unidirectional and employ parent-child relationships between the communicating processes. In addition, reading and writing to the pipe can be accomplished with the ordinary ReadFile() and WriteFile() functions. The Windows API use CreatePipe() function for creating pipes, which is passed four parameters. The parameters provide separate handles forreading andwriting to the pipeAn instance of the STARTUPINFO structure, used to specify that the child process is to inherit the handles of the pipe.the size (in Bytes) of the pipe may be specified.Windows requires the programmer ... Read More

In computing, a byte is the unit of data and processing of data is generally denoted as bit processing. In general purpose personal computers, there exist two types of processors namely a 32-bit processor and a 64-bit processor. Based on the type of processor architecture, the computer systems are also of two types – some are using a 32-bit operating system and some are using a 64-bit operating system. The fundamental difference between a 32-bit system and a 64-bit system is in their capability to handle the amount of information, where the 32-bit operating system handles less data as compared ... Read More

Windows 10 is a Personal Computer Operating System developed and released by Microsoft on July 29, 2015. It has some new features when compared to its earlier version of Windows 8.The start menuMicrosoft had made a very bold move to eliminate the start menu when they had released the Windows 8 but however, in the windows 10, the start menu is back.It has the same tiles like structure like it had before along with the regular app icons as well.It was previously a folder based organization but now you can just type the name of the app or folder that ... Read More

Smartphones are useful for many purposes and one of the less typical use cases are digitizing documents. There are many scanning applications in Android and choosing between those applications is a tough choice. Google play store provides ‘n’ number of scanning applications with different features.In recent times many high-end mobiles have been launched which provide best camera quality which as equal an iPhone camera or DSLR camera quality. But the problem with them is we cannot convert the captured images into PDF and Word formats. We need specific converters for changing the type of image file into the desired format.The ... Read More

Users generally sleep, hibernate or shut down their PC/laptop without having any clue what exactly these different terms denote. Here, you get clarity for these terms.Sleep ModeIf you leave your device on sleep mode, it allows you to work resume your work at the cost of some electricity as it moves to the low power state. It is also known popularly as Standby. As soon as you turn your device on, the whole device will snap back to life instantly. The files you left open will be taken care of automatically.HibernatePutting your laptop/PC on hibernate mode is more or less ... Read More

The dining philosophers problem states that there are 5 philosophers sharing a circular table and they eat and think alternatively. There is a bowl of rice for each of the philosophers and 5 chopsticks. A philosopher needs both their right and left chopstick to eat. A hungry philosopher may only eat if there are both chopsticks available.Otherwise a philosopher puts down their chopstick and begin thinking again.The dining philosopher is a classic synchronization problem as it demonstrates a large class of concurrency control problems.Solution of Dining Philosophers ProblemA solution of the Dining Philosophers Problem is to use a semaphore to ... Read More

The producer consumer problem is a synchronization problem. There is a fixed size buffer and the producer produces items and enters them into the buffer. The consumer removes the items from the buffer and consumes them.A producer should not produce items into the buffer when the consumer is consuming an item from the buffer and vice versa. So the buffer should only be accessed by the producer or consumer at a time.The producer consumer problem can be resolved using semaphores. The codes for the producer and consumer process are given as follows −Producer ProcessThe code that defines the producer process ... Read More