Found 73 Articles for Mediveal Indian History

Introduction Sultan Mohammad bin Tughluq was the son of Ghiyassudin Tughluq, who founded the Tughluq dynasty in 1320. Ghiyasuddin became the ruler of the Delhi sultanate in 1320. The Tughluq dynasty adopted the forward policy and tried to expand their kingdom. The reign of Ghiyassudin was not long and Mohammad Tughluq became the king in 1324. Before becoming the sultan of Delhi, Mohammad fought many wars and plundered multiple kingdoms. He attacked and annexed Warangal, Malabar, and also raided Odissa and returned to Delhi with rich plunder. The expansion of the Delhi sultanate was seen in his time. The kingdom ... Read More

Introduction When the Mughal empire started weakening, some provinces turned into independent kingdoms. These autonomous states came to be called successor states. These successor states included Hyderabad, Awadh, and Bengal. The state of Hyderabad was founded by Asaf-Jah, who is popularly known as Nizam-ul- Mulk. So he was the first ruler(Nizam) of the state. He had large and strong-armed forces, which were further divided into two groups, one was regular forces and the other one was irregular forces. The regular army was an organized one with modern weapons and this included the imperial service troops, Golconda Brigade, and Myseram regiment. ... Read More

Introduction The Mughals from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century expanded their empire in the Indian subcontinent mainly through military expeditions but along with this, they consolidated their position by maintaining diplomatic relations with other kingdoms. They used to target those kingdoms, that were not ready to accept their suzerainty. Once the Mughal kingdom reached its zenith, other regional kingdoms started accepting Mughal sovereignty. Some of the Rajput kingdoms even made matrimonial alliances with them in order to prevent Mughal invasion. Similarly, Mughal rulers like Akbar treated Rajputs with honour and equality and won their respect and loyalty by providing ... Read More

Introduction The Mughal empire came into existence with Babur in 1526 after he won the First battle of Panipat with Ibrahim Lodi. Babur had to lead several military campaigns to consolidate the empire. His campaigns included the Battle of Khanwa in 1527, the battle of Chanderi in 1528 and the Battle of Ghagra in 1529. After him, his son Humayun came into power in 1530. Humayun faced a crushing defeat from Afghan chief Sher Shah in the battle of Chausa in 1539 and the battle of Kanauj in 1540. As a result, the Mughal Empire came to a halt for ... Read More

Introduction The first Mughal emperor who came to India was Babur. Babur established the Mughal Dynasty which ruled India from 16th to 18th century. Mughals were one of the longestruling dynasties of India. They ruled most of the Indian subcontinent except for some areas in south India. Mughals were one of the most dominating dynasties of India and they were the first to rule the country as their own. Earlier all the other dynasties came from outside India and they had their cultural attachments allegiance to their home country, but the Mughals became Indianised. They claimed India to be their ... Read More

Introduction In medieval India, the Delhi sultanate was the biggest empire, but still, most of the Indian continent was not under the control of the Sultanate. Multiple small kingdoms and their chieftains were in control of their areas. The chieftains were highly defensive and they knew that they could not fight and win the empire, so they chose to live in well-defended forts which were hard to break into. Moroccan traveller Ibn-Battuta, who was Qazi in the court of Mohammad Tughluq, wrote about such chieftains in his books. He wrote that there were various small territories which are still independent ... Read More

Introduction Christianity was the official religion of Romans, and with the fall of the Roman empire, it spread across Europe. Christianity was adopted by big landowners and feudal lords. Gradually Christianity started to dominate day-to-day life in Europe. The feudal lords were Christian and they started measures to popularise it. Pagans were deprived of state facilities and even punished for not being Christian. The Church became the most powerful Institution and became the biggest landowner. The church with the monarchy became the Piller of the feudal society in Europe throughout the medieval age. This period is sometimes referred to as ... Read More

Introduction The impressive reign of Akbar continued for forty-nine years and came to an end with his death in 1605 CE. During Akbar's final years of rule in the seventeenth century, his son Salim or Jahangir rebelled against him but was captured. However, Akbar forgave him, and he was proclaimed as a rightful successor to the throne. Jahangir ruled from 1605 CE-1627 CE. Jahangir then continued the legacy of the Mughals. After Jahangir, the Mughal empire flourished under the reign of Shajahan and later under Aurangzeb. The mighty Mughal Empire started to decline after the death of Aurangzeb in the ... Read More

Introduction The Mughals were the most vital and dominant rulers in Indian history. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Mughals expanded their Empire almost all over the country. Rajput rulers were losing control over North and North East India, the places they used to rule, to the Turko Afghan sultanate. They were valiant fighters who fought till the end. Still, they were in a disadvantageous position politically. Whereas the Mughals defeated the Turko Afghan sultanate. They also defeated the last king Rana Sanga of Chittor from the Rajput confederation. When Akbar came to power, he realized the necessity of ... Read More

Introduction The Mansabdari system and Jagirdari system did not originate abruptly. It was a practice based on the evolution of bureaucracy in medieval India. In the Delhi sultanate, emperors had annexed the far-reaching areas and to control those provinces they formed a bureaucracy. Earlier emperors made their military commanders as governors and sometimes they chose their well-trained slaves as the governor for those provinces. The high officials of the court were given certain territories and they were allowed to collect taxes as their salaries. Such areas were called iqta and those who controlled iqta were known as iqtadar. The idea ... Read More