Chordoma is a very rare type of cancer that can be seen developing in the bones of the skull base and spine. It starts to appear from the residues of the notochord ( a structure present in the early stage of an embryo that helps to form the spinal column). Chordomas are commonly spread slowly, yet they can be locally violent and attack surrounding tissues, including the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms may include headaches, vision changes, hearing loss, difficulty swallowing, and numbness or weakness in the limbs. Treatment for chordoma is usually done by performing surgery to remove as ... Read More

Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from the cartilaginous tissue of the bone. It is the second most common primary bone tumor. Chondrosarcoma can be primary or secondary. The primary tumor is mainly seen in the age group between 40 and 60yrs. The secondary tumor is mainly seen in the age group between 25 to 45yrs. The tumor is commonly seen the bones such as the pelvis, proximal femur, proximal humerus, and ribs and rarely in the hands. Males are more commonly affected than females. The exact cause is unknown but found to be sporadic in origin. The ... Read More

Childhood schizophrenia is a type of mental disorder that is characterized by alteration of thinking, motor, and emotional processes in children and young adults under the age of 18. In this, the children interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia affects the child’s thinking, behavior, or emotions. It is rare in children under 8yrs of age. The condition can become life-threatening if unnoticed as the child can harm themselves. It can be treated effectively in the early stage. Although there is no known cause, a number of factors, including brain diseases, genetics, environment, issues with neurotransmitters, and differences in the brain, can ... Read More

Childhood asthma is a condition in which there is inflammation of the airways causing the symptoms of airway obstruction. A child with a family history of allergy, a child who is more prone to recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, and a child with a weak immune system are more prone to get this. Exposure to environmental allergens, smoke, and exercise triggers the development of symptoms. There are 3 types of childhood asthma one is, recurrent wheezing in early childhood, which is mainly triggered by common viral infections of the respiratory tract, and the second type is chronic asthma associated ... Read More

Childhood apraxia of speech is a condition in which the ability of the child to plan and coordinate the movements of the mouth, tongue, and lips that are necessary for speech production is affected. It is a neurological disorder. There is no specific cause known resulting in the condition, but it has been suggested the problem is with the connections between the brain and the muscles necessary for speech production. The child faces difficulty with speech and sound production which makes it difficult to communicate effectively. Children cannot imitate sounds or gestures. The child is usually diagnosed between 2 ... Read More

Child abuse is any action by another person adult or child, caregiver, or parents that causes significant harm to a child. It can be physical, sexual, or emotional, but can just as often be about a lack of love, care, and attention. An abused child will often experience more than one type of abuse, as well as other difficulties in their lives. There are various types of abuses. Physical abuse may include hitting, slapping, kicking, or throwing an object at children. Sexual abuse is engaging a child in any sexual activity that he/she does not understand or cannot give ... Read More

Chilblains is a condition in which there is an inflammation of tiny blood vessels after exposure to cold temperatures characterized by the appearance of small lesions caused. They most often affect the body's extremities, such as the toes, fingers, heels, ears, and nose. Chilblains are not life-threatening but can be uncomfortable and rarely cause any permanent damage. There is no known exact cause for the occurrence of the condition. Some of the factors like poor circulation, a family history, regular exposure to cold, damp, or draughty conditions, and poor diet may be the contributing factors. Patients present with small, ... Read More

Chiari malformation is a condition in which the cerebellum, a part of the brain, herniates into the spinal canal. The cerebellum is limited to the neck of the skull, just above the foramen magnum. In patients with Chiari malformation, the pressure on the brainstem and spinal cord is present as the cerebellum is displaced and partially or completely enters the foramen magnum and the spinal canal. Various types of Chiari malformations are known depending on the amount of cerebellum that has herniated into the spinal canal. In type 1 cerebellum enters into the foramen magnum, but the brainstem is ... Read More

Chest pain is pain experienced by an individual because of various underlying medical causes. Various medical conditions, ranging from minor issues like gastritis to life-threatening conditions such as a heart attack can present with chest pain. Chest pain can vary from mild to the severe aching or throbbing type of pain. It can also be accompanied by other symptoms like shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, sweating, and palpitations. Various heart-related issues such as angina, heart attack, pericarditis, Lung-related issues such as pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, Gastrointestinal issues such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis, or peptic ulcer disease, Musculoskeletal issues such as ... Read More

Chemobrain is a condition that is seen in patients suffering from cancer who undergoes chemotherapy. It is also known as chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment or chemo fog. In this, cancer patients suffer from cognitive difficulties such as memory issues, concentration issues, and reduced mental processing speed after undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the treatment given to cancer patients which involves infusion of certain immunosuppressant drugs to kill the active cells. There is no exact reason known to cause this condition but has been suggested as a result of drugs used during chemotherapy crossing the blood-brain barrier and involving the normal functioning of ... Read More