It is a well-known fact that code is prone to errors, and sometimes even when we know that a particular workflow will work fine for some cases, there's a good chance that we forget about some other cases. In simple terms, it can be said that when we test a code manually, we might miss something. For example, suppose we have two functions, func1() and func2(), and we know that func1() works for the cases that we have defined in our test, but we found out that func2() doesn't work. Then we fix func2() but later forgot to check whether ... Read More

Animations have become a very integral part of website interfaces in today's web development world. They help in enhancing the user experience of a website and in this article, we will learn how we can make use of Velocity.js to add beautiful animations to our web pages. VelocityJS is a JavaScript animation engine that provides us with very fast performing animations that we can use in our web pages. It has become one of the leading animation engines and there are different reasons for its success. I have mentioned some of the most important reasons that make it a very ... Read More

AOS.js (Animation on Scroll) is an animation-providing JavaScript library that makes it easier to add tons of animations by simply changing the name of the class in the div tag in which you want to add an animation. While there are different animation JavaScript libraries out there, AOS.js is probably the simplest of them. In this tutorial, we will explore different types of animations that we can use in AOS.js with the help of different examples. The first category of animations that we will explore are the fading one's. Before we do that, we first need to make sure that ... Read More

In this tutorial, we will demonstrate how you can use Slick.js to work with carousels and then add them to your websites. We will start with creating a simple carousel of images with the basic scroll being available to us and then slowly we will make some changes to the carousel by adding different properties to our carousel according to our needs. If you try to create a carousel without using any libraries, it will be quite time consuming. To reduce the efforts and to be able to add multiple types of carousel with different properties, ... Read More

If you've been keeping up with the JavaScript world in the last few years, you've probably heard of the concept of a "flux" architecture. In a nutshell, flux is a pattern for managing data flow in applications. It was originally designed for use with React, but it can be used with any other JavaScript framework. There are a few different ways to implement flux, but they all share a few key components− Dispatcher − This is a central object that is responsible for managing all data flow in the application. All updates start with the dispatcher. Stores − These are objects ... Read More

In JavaScript, an object can be "flattened" by creating a shallow copy of it. This is useful for creating a snapshot of an object, but can cause problems if the object is later modified. If you need to unflatten an object, you can use the paths for keys to restore the original structure. Using Paths for Keys When an object is flattened, the keys are concatenated into a single string. You can use this string to unflatten the object by creating an object with the same keys and values. For example, consider the following object.var obj = { ... Read More

In JavaScript, an object can be created by using curly braces {}. This is called an object literal. An object literal can contain properties and methods. What is Flattening? Flattening is the process of reducing an object to a single−depth object. In other words, all the properties and methods of the object are contained within a single−depth object. How to Flatten an Object? There are various ways to flatten an object. Using for...in loop The for...in loop can be used to iterate over the properties of an object. For each property, we can add it to a new object. Below ... Read More

Frame by frame animation is a technique used in animation to produce motion by displaying a series of static images which are sequentially displayed. The appearance of motion is achieved by displaying the images in rapid succession. The followings are needed before we go to create the frame by frame animation− A series of images (frames) A web page with CSS and JavaScript Approach The process of creating frame by frame animation using CSS and JavaScript is relatively simple. STEP 1 – First, you need to create a series of images (frames) that you want to be displayed ... Read More

In this tutorial, we will learn how to create Expanding Cards using HTML, CSS and JavaScript. We will also learn how to use some additional CSS properties to make our expanding cards more attractive. What are Expanding Cards? Expanding cards are a type of card that can be expanded to reveal more content. They are commonly used to display additional How to create Expanding Cards using HTML, CSS and JavaScript? To create expanding cards, we will need to use the following HTML elements− The card container element: This will be the element that will contain all of our cards. ... Read More

In JavaScript, we can create functions that take other functions as arguments and invoke them with transformed arguments. This is a powerful technique that can be used to create higher−order functions, which can take a function and return a new function with different behavior. What are Transforming Function Arguments To transform function arguments, we can use the built−in methods map() and reduce(). These methods can be used on arrays to transform the elements in the array. We can use them on functions to transform the arguments that are passed to the function. The map() Method The map() method takes a ... Read More