Found 12 Articles for Fire Extinguisher

Introduction Hydroboration oxidation is the method by which there is an addition in 𝑪 − 𝑵, 𝑪 − 𝑪, and 𝑪 − 𝑶 double bonds with hydrogen-boron bonds. Hydration of alkynes is one of the simple procedures for producing ketones and aldehydes. One may think of the mechanism of the hydroboration oxidation process as that of an anti-Markovnikov response. By an American chemist named Herbert Charles Brown, who was born in England, the hydroboration- oxidation reaction was first documented in the second part of the 1950s. In this process, an alkyne is processed with borane before being oxidized with peroxide ... Read More

Introduction The German chemist and physicist Erich Huckel determined the Huckel Rule in 1931. He proposed that the aromatic rings follow four norms to be an aromatic compound. The first is that it should be cyclic and the second thing it should be planer, the third thing it conjugates, and the fourth one it must follow the Huckel rule. An aromatic compound has $\mathrm{4n\:+\:2\:pi\:electrons}$. The n in the formula is a positive integer. Aromatic compounds have $\mathrm{sp^{2}\:hybrodization}$. What is the Huckel Rule? The huckel’s rule is an algorithm that combines the number of pi electrons in an aromatic ring and ... Read More

Introduction In a chemical reaction, the reagents break the bond and forms free radicals to form a new bond. The covalent bond is formed by sharing the electrons of two atoms to form a new molecule. In a chemical reaction, the old bonds are broken, and new ones are formed. Two different methods do this breaking of bonds. The first one is homolytic fission in which the covalent bond is broken, and the electron is taken by both the reagents. In heterolytic fission, the covalent bond is broken in such a way that both the electron of the covalent bond ... Read More

Introduction As Friedrich Wohler demonstrated in the early 1800s, organic chemicals can be synthesised in a laboratory from minerals and other non-organic materials. The first organic compound synthesized is urea. Organic chemistry was once assumed to be limited to the study of molecules formed as part of the natural processes of living creatures. For the creation of synthetic chemicals, insecticides, and a variety of other things, modern chemistry and materials sciences have focused on the extraordinary capabilities of carbon atoms. The carbon in organic molecules is usually always linked to another carbon atom or hydrogen. Define Organic Compounds? Any kind ... Read More

Introduction Organic compounds are normally, the chemical compounds that contain carbon (C)-hydrogen (H) or only carbon (C)-carbon (C) bonds. There are several (million) organic compounds because of carbon (C)-carbon (C) bond forming capability. The percentage (by number) of organic compounds on the surface of the earth (earth’s crust) is very small but it is very important for all forms of life-sustaining on the surface of the earth. A Functional group is the group of some atoms that is responsible for the characteristic reactions of a particular compound. Functional groups that are the same or like each other undergo the ... Read More

Introduction Conformational isomers, also called conformers, are a form or type of stereoisomerism (a type of isomerism where molecules have the same molecular formula but different 3-D orientations of atoms in space ) in which the isomers can easily be interconverted only by rotating them about their single bond or sigma bond. And these conversions can take place at room temperature. This is because the energy required to change or convert one form of conformational isomer to another is usually or generally deficient, so the conversion can easily occur at room temperature. Some examples of conformational isomers are ethane, ... Read More

Introduction Cis-trans isomerism occurs due to restriction of rotation of central atom-to-atom bond. In relation to trans-isomer, it is important that these types of isomers are found to be present on the very opposite side of the double bond. Both an organic and inorganic compounds are attached and these are possesses an important role. In finding the examples of trans- isomers, the name of the molecules, with trans in the front can be important. What is Cis Trans Isomerism? Another term for Cis Trans Isomerism is geometrical isomerism. In relation to configurational isomerism as well, alkenes groups of components are ... Read More

Introduction Enantiomers as well as diastereomers are further classifications of isomers. Isomers are substances which have the same chemical formula but a distinct atom configuration. They are categorised into 2 categories: structural isomers and stereoisomers. The former has the same chemical formula but distinct atom connections. While the latter has molecules that differ in how their structures are arranged spatially. And they are further classified as enantiomers as well as diastereomers. They both are distinguished by the fact that enantiomers are found as mirror images whereas diastereomers are not. For a substance to have stereoisomers, it must be chiral. To ... Read More

Introduction Christopher Kelk Ingold 1933 introduced the terms nucleophile and electrophile by replacing the words anionic and cationic words introduced by A. J. Lapworth. The word electrophile is obtained by the combination of two words 'electro' meaning electrons and 'philes' meaning loving. And the word nucleophile is obtained from the two words nucleus and phile, which is a Greek word 'Philos' meaning a friend. These two terms are important in chemistry. These chemical compounds participate in many organic reactions. As we know electrophiles and nucleophiles have opposite behaviour which is the driving force for several chemical reactions. So these terms ... Read More

Introduction Constitutional isomerism is a significant characteristic of organic molecules. The earliest observation of isomerism was made by Friedrich Woehler in 1827. Isomerism in organic molecules governs the property of products formed during an organic reaction. The concept of isomerism builds the foundation of organic chemistry and must be understood before moving on to complex organic reactions. There are various categories of isomerism. Constitutional isomerism is one of the two broad categories of isomerism. The other is stereoisomers, which have their branch of chemistry dedicated to them (called stereochemistry). Constitutional isomers are products of various important reactions. Generally, reactions that ... Read More