Article Categories
- All Categories
-
Data Structure
-
Networking
-
RDBMS
-
Operating System
-
Java
-
MS Excel
-
iOS
-
HTML
-
CSS
-
Android
-
Python
-
C Programming
-
C++
-
C#
-
MongoDB
-
MySQL
-
Javascript
-
PHP
-
Economics & Finance
Database Articles
Page 222 of 547
How to create a DB2 storage group STG1 with volume VOL1.
Storage groups are basically the collection of volumes which hold the data that is present in the DB2 table. Basically it is the responsibility of DBA to maintain, add and update the storage groups in DB2.To create a storage group in a DB2 installation we have to give below command.CREATE STOGROUP STG1 VOLUMES (VOL1);The CREATE and STOGROUP are the reserved words which are followed by the name of the storage group. The volume parameter should be populated with the name of the volume for the storage group.
Read MoreHow to implement isolation levels CS, RR, UR and RS in a DB2 program?
The isolation level defines the degree to which the DB2 data which is being accessed in the COBOL-DB2 program is isolated with another parallelly executing COBOL- DB2 program. There are 4 main types of Isolation levels in DB2.Cursor stability (CS) - The cursor stability isolation level locks only the current row which the program is accessing. As soon as the program shifts to the next row, the lock in the previous row gets released. The cursor stability fetches only committed rows for the program to access. This is a default isolation level.Read stability (RS) - This isolation level places a ...
Read MoreImplementation of a table level locks in a COBOL-DB2 program during program execution
The COBOL-DB2 program can place the lock into a DB2 table in two ways.When the SQL statement using that table is executed within the program.When the program is loaded in the main memory and it is ready to be executed. It acquires a lock on all the DB2 tables which are used in the SQL statements within the program.To acquire the lock on all DB2 tables once the program is loaded in the main memory or allocated to a thread, we have to BIND the plan using appropriate options and parameters. Below is a JCL step which can be used.//BIND ...
Read MoreWhat is the execution result when a DB2 program is compiled and bound on separate days?
The program will run successfully (unless there are no logical errors in the program)because the timestamp is inserted in the DBRM during pre-compilation and pre-compilation is done before the compilation step. Therefore, the DBRM and the load module will have the same timestamp.The timestamp inserted in the DBRM is further passed to the package also. So in case, if we are using DBRM-package-plan combination, In that case also the program will run successfully as there is the consistency in the timestamp throughout.
Read MoreWhen a DB2 subprogram undergoes changes, do we need to BIND it with its program?
When any COBOL-DB2 program is pre-compiled, the current timestamp is inserted in the DBRM and if the DBRM is binded to a package then the timestamp is further copied to a package. Similarly, the timestamp is also inserted in the load module during the compilation process.When any COBOL-DB2 program is executed, the system matches the timestamp of the load module with that in the DBRM/package, if there is mismatch then the program fails.In case DBRM directly binds to a plan, we need to bind both the plans - PLANA and PLANB again even if only the subprogram has gone through ...
Read MoreHow to BIND a DBRM into a PACKAGE and PACKAGE into a PLAN?
A DBRM can be directly bound to a plan or we can first bind DBRM into a package and then bind that package into PLAN.In case DBRM binds to a plan directly, if there is some change in the source code, the new DBRM has to be generated and then we have to bind the entire plan again. Since, plan contains multiple DBRMs, the system will process all the DBRMs again in order to bind that plan (even if the other DBRMs have not gone through any changes). This process takes a lot of resources like memory, processor and valuable ...
Read MoreHow to precompile a COBOL-DB2 program?
Precompilation is the process through which the SQL statements used in the COBOL-DB2 program are replaced by appropriate COBOL calls. The precompilation is necessary before the actual compilation because the COBOL compiler cannot recognize the DB2 SQL statements and will throw errors due to them.DB2 utility DSNHPC is used for the precompilation. The inputs to the precompilation JCL step are DCLGEN (in SYSLIB) for the respective tables which are used in COBOL-DB2 program and COBOL-DB2 source program (in SYSIN).//STEP010 EXEC PGM=IKJEFT01 //SYSIN DD DSN=DIS.TEST.COBOL(PSNEW2), DISP=SHR //SYSLIB DD DSN=DIS.TEST.DCLGEN(PSDC2), DISP=SHR //DBRMLIB DD DSN=DIS.TEST.DBRMLIB(PSNEW2), DISP=SHR //SYSCIN DD DSN=DIS.TEST.COBL(PSCOB2), DISP=(NEW, CATLG, DEL), SPACE=(20, ...
Read MoreHow to BIND all the packages in a collection COLLA to a plan PLANA?
The package is a database object which contains the SQL statements from DBRM in a DB2-optimized form.The collection is a group of packages using which we can segregate the DB2 packages belonging to the different applications. For example, in a production environment for a Telecom company, we can have different collections for order handling, billing and customer service.The package or group of packages (collections) are binded into a plan. A plan is an executable object which contains the DB2 access paths of all the SQL queries within it. We can bind a package into a plan directly or we can ...
Read MoreHow to execute a COBOL-DB2 program PROGA of plan PLANA?
The COBOL-DB2 program can be executed with the help of IKJEFT01. The IKJEFT01 is an inbuilt mainframe utility that allows us to run z/OS TSO commands via Job control language(JCL). If we want to execute a COBOL-DB2 program PROGA of plan PLANA we must give a JCL step as below.//STEP010 EXEC PGM=IKJEFT01 //STEPLIB DD DSN=DIS.TEST.LOADLIB, DISP=SHR //SYSOUT DD SYSOUT=* //SYSTSIN DD * DSN SYSTEM(TB3) RUN PROGRAM (PROGA) PLAN(PLANA) END /*In the above JCL step, we have first used IKJEFT01 utility to call the COBOL-DB2 program. The loadlib path for the program PROGA is given in STEPLIB i.e. DIS.TEST.LOADLIB and the ...
Read MoreSum of the first and last digit of a number in PL/SQL
In this problem, we are given a number n. Our task is to create a program to find the sum of the first and last digit of a number in PL/SQL.First, let’s brush-up about PL/SQL, PL/SQL is a combination of SQL along with the procedural features of programming languages.Let’s take an example to understand the problem, Input − n = 31415Output − 8Explanation − first digit = 3 , last digit = 5. Sum = 8To, solve this problem, we will extract the first and last digit to number n. And the print their sum.The first and last digits are ...
Read More