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Computer Science Articles
Page 15 of 53
What is the division of binary numbers in Computer Architecture?
The binary division is similar to division in decimals. The process involves successive comparison, shifting, and subtraction. The division of binary numbers is easy compared to the division of decimal numbers because the quotient is either 0 or 1. It is also not necessary to check the number of times the dividend (partial remainder) fits into the divisor.Divide OverflowIn a computer system, the division operation can lead to a quotient with an overflow because the registers cannot hold a number that exceeds the standard length. To understand this better, consider a system with a standard 5-bit register.One register is used ...
Read MoreWhat is RISC Pipeline in Computer Architecture?
RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computers. It was introduced to execute as fast as one instruction per clock cycle. This RISC pipeline helps to simplify the computer architecture’s design.It relates to what is known as the Semantic Gap, that is, the difference between the operations provided in the high-level languages (HLLs) and those provided in computer architectures.To avoid these consequences, the conventional response of the computer architects is to add layers of complexity to newer architectures. This also increases the number and complexity of instructions together with an increase in the number of addressing modes. The architecture which resulted ...
Read MoreWhat are the types of Pipelining Conflicts?
Pipelining is a technique of breaking a sequential process into small fragments or sub-operations. The execution of each of these sub-procedure takes place in a certain dedicated segment that functions together with all other segments. There are three types of Pipelining conflicts that are as follows −Resource ConflictsThese conflicts arise due to insufficient resources wherein it is not possible to overlap the operations. The performance of pipelined processor depends on either of the two conditions are as follows −Whether or not the functional units are pipelined?Do the multiple execution units allow all available mixture of instructions in the pipeline?If for ...
Read MoreWhat are the techniques to avoid Pipelining Conflicts?
Pipelining defines a technique of decomposing a sequential process into sub-operations, with each sub-operation being implemented in an enthusiastic segment that works together with all other segments. There are the following techniques that can be followed to avoid pipelining conflicts −Hardware Interlocks − Hardware interlocks are electronic circuits that detect instructions whose source operands are destinations of instructions further up in the pipeline. After detecting this situation, the instruction whose source is not available is delayed by a suitable number of clock periods. In this way, the conflict is resolved.Operand Forwarding − This procedure need special hardware to identify a ...
Read MoreWhat is the process of pipelining?
Pipelining is a technique of breaking a sequential process into small fragments or sub-operations. The execution of each of these sub-procedure takes place in a certain dedicated segment that functions together with all other segments. The pipeline has a collection of processing segments which helps the flow of binary information.The internal working in a pipeline is such that the outcome of one segment is conveyed to the next segment in the pipeline until the desired result is obtained. The outcome is acquired after the information is developed through all segments.The term “pipeline” indicates that the flow of information takes place ...
Read MoreWhat is Parallel Processing?
Parallel processing is an approach that can denote a huge class of methods that can give simultaneous data-processing functions to improve the computational speed of a computer system.Rather than processing each instruction sequentially as in a traditional computer, a parallel processing system can implement concurrent data processing to manage quicker implementation time.For example, while an instruction is being implemented in the ALU, the next instruction can be read from memory. The system can have multiple ALUs and can implement various instructions at a similar time.The system can have multiple processors operating together. Parallel processing aims to speed up the computer ...
Read MoreWhat is Hypercube Interconnection?
The hypercube interconnection is also defined as a binary n-cube multiprocessor. The hypercube is treated to be a loosely coupled system. This system is composed of N = 2n processors that are linked in an n-dimensional binary cube. Each processor denotes a node of the cube.Each processor includes a direct communication route to n other neighbour processors. These routes are associated with the edges of the cube. The processors can be authorized with 2n distinct n-bit binary addresses. Each processor send differs from that of each of its n neighbors by directly one-bit position.The figure displayed the hypercube structure for ...
Read MoreWhat is Omega Switching Network in Computer Architecture
Omega switching network is one such topology that is shown in the figure. In this configuration, there is directly one direction from each source to any specific destination.There is some request design, however, cannot be linked together. For example, any two sources cannot be linked together to destinations 000 and 001.As shown in the figure, a specific request is started in the switching network through the source that sends a 3-bit pattern depicting the destination number.Each level checks a multiple bit to specify the 2 x 2 switch setting as the binary design transfer through the network. Level 1 determines ...
Read MoreWhat is Multistage Switching Network in Computer Architecture?
The basic element of a multistage network is a two-input, two-output interchange switch. As displayed in the figure, the 2 X 2 switch has two inputs labeled A and B, and two outputs labeled 0 and 1.There are control signals related to the switch. The control signals start interconnection between the input and output terminals. The switch can join input A to either of the outputs. Terminal B of the switch facilitates similarly. The switch can also arbitrate between conflicting requests.In case, inputs A and B request the same output terminals, it is possible that only one of the inputs ...
Read MoreWhat is Crossbar Switch in Computer Architecture.
The crossbar switch organization includes various crosspoints that are located at intersections between processor buses and memory module directions. The diagram shows a crossbar switch interconnection between four CPUs and four memory modules.The tiny square in each crosspoint is a switch that decides the direction from a processor to a memory module. Every switch point has to control logic to set up the transmission direction between a processor and memory.It determines the address that is located in the bus to decide whether its specific module is being addressed. It can also resolve several requests for an approach to the equal ...
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