In eukaryotes, chromosomes are fixed, self-replicating components of the cell nucleus. DNA and chromosomes carry genetic information from one generation to the next. Depending on the species, the number of chromosomes might be different. Humans, like many other animal and plant species, are diploid creatures (2n), meaning that the chromosomes are organized into sets of two. By using an optical microscope, scientists can observe chromosomes as they duplicate (metaphase). Each metaphase chromosome is made up of two components termed sister chromatids. They're both identical since DNA is copied throughout cell division. What are Homologous Chromosomes? Homologous chromosomes are present in ... Read More