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Programming Articles
Page 2233 of 2547
Difference Between for and while loop
In this post, we will understand the difference between the ‘for’ and the ‘while’ loop.For loopThe initialization, condition checking, and the iteration statements are written at the beginning of the loop.It is used only when the number of iterations is known beforehand.If the condition is not mentioned in the 'for' loop, then the loop iterates infinite number of times.The initialization is done only once, and it is never repeated.The iteration statement is written at the beginning.Hence, it executes once all statements in loop have been executed.Examplefor(initialization; condition; iteration){ //body of the 'for' loop }Following is the flowchart ...
Read MoreDifference Between Pointer and Reference
In this post, we will understand the difference between pointer and reference.PointerIt can be initialized to any value.It can be initialized any time after its declaration.It can be assigned to point to a NULL value.It can be dereferenced using the ‘*’ operator.It can be changed to point to a different variable of the same type only.Exampleint val = 5; //code// int *p = &val;ReferenceIt has to be initialized when it is declared.It can’t be a NULL value.It can be used by a name.Once it has been initialized to a variable, it can’t be changed to refer to a variable object.Exampleint ...
Read MoreDifference Between if-else and switch
In this post, we will understand the difference between if-else statement and ‘switch’ statement.If-elseDepending on the expression inside the statement, output would be generated.It uses multiple statements for multiple choices.This statement tests for equality.It can be used to test logical expressions.It can evaluate integer, character, pointer, floating-point type and boolean type.Just one of the ‘if’ or ‘else’ statement gets executed.If the condition inside the ‘if’ statement is false, then the ‘else’ statement is executed if it has been created.It is tough to edit if-else statement, especially if it is nested.SwitchThe statement that needs to be executed is decided by the ...
Read MoreDifference Between exit(0) and exit(1)
In this post, we will understand the difference between exit(0) and exit(1).exit(0)It is portable.It tells about the successful termination or completion of the program.It tells about the termination when the program is executed without any errors.The ‘EXIT_SUCCESS’ macro is used to return code 0.The ‘EXIT_SUCCESS’ can be defined as standard as zero.Syntaxexit(0);exit(1)It is not portable.It tells about the abnormal termination of the program.It tells about the termination if the program exited with certain error when the program was being executed.The ‘EXIT_FAILURE’ macro is used to return code 1.It is not restrict by standard to be 1 only.It can be used ...
Read MoreDifference Between Character Array and String
In this post, we will understand the difference between character array and string.StringsThey are immutable.Once they are defined, they can’t be changed.It refers to a sequence of characters, which is represented as a single data type.It contains built-in functions such as substring(), charAt().The ‘+’ operator can be used to append strings together, which would form a new string.The charAt() method helps access characters at a specific index within a ‘String’.These strings are stored in the ‘String Constant Pool’.It is not preferred to store passwords in strings in Java.A string can be converted to a character array using toCharArray() method of ...
Read MoreDifference Between Inline and Macro in C++
In this post, we will understand the difference between inline and macro in C++.InlineIt is a function in C++.It is parsed by the compiler.It can be defined inside or outside the class.It evaluates the argument only once.The compiler may not convert all functions to ‘inline’ function and expand them all.The short functions that are defined inside the class are automatically made as inline functions.An inline function inside a class can access the data members of the class.Inline function can be terminated using curly brackets.It is easy to debug.This is because error checking is done during compilation.It binds all statements in ...
Read MoreDifference Between Checked and Unchecked Exception in Java
In this post, we will understand the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java.Checked ExceptionsThey occur at compile time.The compiler checks for a checked exception.These exceptions can be handled at the compilation time.It is a sub-class of the exception class.The JVM requires that the exception be caught and handled.Example of Checked exception- ‘File Not Found Exception’Unchecked ExceptionsThese exceptions occur at runtime.The compiler doesn’t check for these kinds of exceptions.These kinds of exceptions can’t be caught or handled during compilation time.This is because the exceptions are generated due to the mistakes in the program.These are not a part of the ...
Read MoreDifference Between Packages and Interfaces in Java
In this post, we will understand the difference between packages and interfaces in Java.PackagesIt is a group of classes and/or interfaces that are together.It can be created using the "Package" keyword.It can be imported.It can be done using the "import" keyword.Examplepackage package_name; public class class_name { . (body of class) . }InterfacesIt is a group of abstract methods and constants.It can be created using the "Interface" keyword.It can be extended by another interface.It can also be implemented by a class.It can be implemented using the ‘implement’ keyword.Exampleinterface interface_name { variable declaration; ...
Read MoreDifference Between Float and Double
In this post, we will understand the difference between float and double data types.floatIt has a single precision.It takes 4 bytes of memory.According to IEEE, it has 32-bit precision.It is used with graphic based libraries.It improves the processing power of programs.It is simple to manage by compilers.Its value can be between 1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38.It can have a precision of up to 6 decimal places.doubleIt has a double precision.It takes 8 bytes of memory.According to IEEE, it has 64-bit precision.Its value can be between 2.3E-308 to 1.7E+308.It can have a precision of up to 15 decimal places.It is considered as the ...
Read MoreDifference between new and malloc( )
In this post, we will understand the difference between ‘new’ and ‘malloc’.newIt is present in C++, Java, and C#.It is an operator that can be used to call the constructor of the object.It can be overloaded.If it fails, an exception is thrown.It doesn’t need the ‘sizeof’ operator.It doesn’t reallocate memory.It can initialize an object when allocating memory for it.The memory allocated by ‘new’ operator can be de-allocated using ‘delete’ operator.It reduces the execution time of the application.Example#include using namespace std; int main(){ int *val = new int(10); cout
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