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Date is number day, month and year. There are various ways to display a date.Here, we have a program to sort dates using selection sort. So let's learn about things that are used in this concept.Sorting datesThe concept of sorting dates needs a clear and well-versed knowledge of dates and their validations. Before we try sorting technique we need to check if the date inputted by the user is a valid date of not like 29-2 is only valid for leap years.After validation of dates comes the sorting of dates. For sorting, we will go in reverse order sorting years ... Read More
A subsequence is a sequence with the same order of the set of elements. For the sequence “stuv”, the subsequences are “stu”, “tuv”, “suv”, .... etc.For a string of length n, there can be 2n ways to create subsequence from the string.ExampleThe longest common subsequence for the strings “ ABCDGH ” and “ AEDFHR ” is of length 3. Live Demo#include #include using namespace std; int max(int a, int b); int lcs(char* X, char* Y, int m, int n){ if (m == 0 || n == 0) return 0; if (X[m - 1] == ... Read More
Camel case is the practice of writing phrases such that each word or abbreviation in the middle of the phrase begins with a capital letter, with no intervening spaces or punctuation. For example, Concurrent hash maps in camel case would be written as −ConcurrentHashMapsWe can implement a method to accept a string in JavaScript to convert it to camel case in the following way −Examplefunction camelize(str) { // Split the string at all space characters return str.split(' ') // get rid of any extra spaces using trim .map(a => a.trim()) ... Read More
Hashing is the method by which we can map any length data element to a fixed size key. hashing works as key-value pairs.Hashing function is the function that does the mapping in a hash map. the data elements that are given as input to the Hash Function may get same hash key. In this case the elements may overlap. To avoid overlapping of elements which have the same hash key the concept of chaining was introduced.Creating a hashmapIn order to create a hashmap we need hashing function that will define the index value of the data element.We have a hash ... Read More
Mathematical calculations can be done in C++ programming language using the mathematical functions which are included in math or cmath library. These mathematical functions are defined to do complex mathematical calculations. Let’s learn each of them one by one −sineThe sin method is used to calculate the sin of the angle given as an argument in degrees. This function accepts one double integer as an argument and returns a double integer which is the value of sin(x°).double sin(double)Calling syntaxdouble x = sin(23.4);Example Live Demo#include #include using namespace std; int main(){ double x = 45.3; cout
Using for..in loops in JavaScript with array iteration is a bad idea because of the following behavior −Using normal iteration loops −Examplelet arr = [] arr[4] = 5 for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i ++) { console.log(arr[i]) }Outputundefined undefined undefined undefined 5If we had iterated over this array using the for in construct, we'd have gotten −Examplelet arr = [] arr[4] = 5 for (let i in arr) { console.log(arr[i]) }Output5Note that the length of the array is 5, but this still iterates over only one value in the array.This happens because the purpose of ... Read More
A map is a data structure that stores information in the form of key and value pairs. In C++, map is defined in STL (standard template library) and store keys in an ordered form.Syntax to define a map −map map_name;The data type of any of these two data of the map can be any of the data types. We can have any of the primary data types or derived data types as key or value data types in a map.We can use any of the data types as the data type of the key of the map. Even a user-defined ... Read More
What is a virtual function?A virtual function is a method that does not have a definition when defined in the base class. This method is left black in the parent class and it is redefined in the child class.What is an abstract class?An abstract class is a class that has abstract members or at least one pure virtual function in its definition. An abstract class can never be instanced (creating an object). It can only be inherited and the methods could be overwritten.Can there be any virtual Destructors?Yes, These are legal in C++, but these are destructors are for base ... Read More
HashSet and ArrayList both are one of the most important classes of the Java Collection framework.The following are the important differences between TreeMap, HashMap and LinkedHashMap.Sr. No.KeyTreeMapHashMapLinkedHashMap1Ordering of elementsThe elements inserted in TreeMap are sorted according to the natural ordering of its keys, or by a Comparator provided at map creation time, depending on which constructor is used.In case of HashMap it does not guarantees as to the order of the map also it does not guarantee that the order will remain constant over time.LinkedHashMap follows the insertion order of elements and also maintaining an order of elements inserted into ... Read More
HashMap and HashTable both are one of the most important classes of Java Collection framework. Both HashMap and HashTable stores the data in key value pair and at the time storing data hashing is used to hash the key and the resulting hash code is used as the index at which the value is stored within the table. But still, there are many differences between both these classes which we would discuss below.The following are the important differences between HashMap and HashTable.Sr. No.KeyHashMapHashTable1IntroductionHashmap is the advanced version of HashTable and is introduced as a new class in JDK 1.2.HashTable on ... Read More