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Enumeration is a user defined datatype in C language. It is used to assign names to the integral constants, which makes a program easy to read and maintain. The keyword “enum” is used to declare an enumeration.Here is the syntax of enum in C language, enum enum_name{const1, const2, ....... };The enum keyword is also used to define the variables of enum type. There are two ways to define the variables of enum type as follows.enum week{sunday, monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday}; enum week day;Here is an example of enum in C language, Example#include enum week{Mon=10, Tue, Wed, Thur, Fri=10, ... Read More
The function iswlower() is a built-in function in C/C++. It checks whether the wide character is in lower case or not. It is declared in “cwctype” header file in C++ language while “ctype.h” in C language. It takes a single character which is known as wide character. It will return zero(0), if the character is not a lower case character. It will return non-zero value, if character is lower case.Here is the syntax of iswlower() in C/C++ language, int iswlower(ch);Here is an example of iswlower() in C++ language, Example Live Demo#include #include using namespace std; int main() { ... Read More
The function iswupper() is a built-in function in C/C++. It converts the wide character into upper case. It is declared in “cwctype” header file in C++ language while “ctype.h” in C language. It takes a single character which is known as wide character. If the character is upper case, it is converted into it, otherwise no modifications happen.Here is the syntax of towupper() in C++ language, wint_t towupper( wint_t ch );Here is an example of towupper() in C++ language, Example#include #include #include using namespace std; int main() { wchar_t s[] = L"hello world!"; wcout Read More
The function iswdigit() is a built-in function in C/C++. It checks whether the wide character is a decimal digit or not. It is declared in “cwctype” header file in C++ language while “ctype.h” in C language. It takes a single character which is known as wide character.The characters from 0 to 9 are classified as decimal digits. If the wide character is not a digit, it will return zero(0). If character is digit, it will return non-zero value.Here is the syntax of iswdigit() in C++ language, int iswdigit(ch)Here is an example of iswdigit() in C++ language, Example Live Demo#include #include ... Read More
The function puts() and printf() are declared in stdio.h header file and are used to send the text to the output stream. Both have different usages and syntax.puts()The function puts() is used to print the string on the output stream with the additional new line character ‘’. It moves the cursor to the next line. Implementation of puts() is easier than printf().Here is the syntax of puts() in C language, puts(“string”);If you do not want the cursor to be moved to the new line, use the following syntax.fputs(string, stdout)Here is an example of puts() in C language, Example Live Demo#include int ... Read More
In C language, %n is a special format specifier. It cause printf() to load the variable pointed by corresponding argument. The loading is done with a value which is equal to the number of characters printed by printf() before the occurrence of %n.Note − It does not print anything. Another printf() function is used to print the statement.Here is an example of %n in C language, Example Live Demo#include int main() { int s; printf("The value of %ns : ", &s); printf("%d", s); getchar(); return 0; }OutputThe value of s : 13Even if we give the ... Read More
Generally, printf() function is used to print the text along with the values. If you want to print % as a string or text, you will have to use ‘%%’. Neither single % will print anything nor it will show any error or warning.Here is an example to print % in printf() in C language, Example Live Demo#include int main() { printf("%"); printf("%%"); getchar(); return 0; }Output%There are some other ways to print % in the text message as in the following example, Example Live Demo#include #include int main() { printf("welcome%"); printf("%%"); printf("%c", '%'); ... Read More
printf()The function printf() is used to print the message along with the values of variables.Here is the syntax of printf() in C language, printf(const char *str, ...);Here is an example of printf() in C language, Example Live Demo#include int main() { int a = 24; printf("Welcome! "); printf("The value of a : %d", a); getchar(); return 0; }OutputWelcome! The value of a : 24sprintf()The function sprintf() is also known as string print function. It do not print the string. It stores the character stream on char buffer. It formats and stores the series of characters and ... Read More
All these functions read the character from input and return an integer. The value of EOF is used for this purpose.getc()It reads a single character from the input and return an integer value. If it fails, it returns EOF.Here is the syntax of getc() in C language, int getc(FILE *stream);Here is an example of getc() in C language, Example Live Demo#include int main () { char val; printf("Enter the character: "); val = getc(stdin); printf("Character entered: "); putc(val, stdout); return(0); }OutputEnter the character: a Character entered: agetchar()The function getchar() reads the character from the standard ... Read More
The function strcpy() is a standard library function. It is used to copy one string to another. In C language, it is declared in “string.h” header file while in C++ language, it is declared in cstring header file. It returns the pointer to the destination.Here is the syntax of strcpy() in C language, char* strcpy(char* dest, const char* src);Some key points of strcpy().It copies the whole string to the destination string. It replaces the whole string instead of appending it.It won’t change the source string.Here is an example of strcpy() in C language, Example Live Demo#include #include int main() { ... Read More