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In C programming language the reading and writing characters are as follows −The simplest of the console I/O functions are getche (), which reads a character from the keyboard, and putchar(), which prints a character to the screen.The getche () function works on until a key is pressed and then, returns its value. The key pressed is also echoed to the screen automatically.The putchar () function will write its character argument to the screen at the current cursor position.The declarations for getche () and putchar () are −int getche (void); int putchar (int c);The header file for getche () and ... Read More
The physical layer meets all these requirements out. The set of rules and procedures for interaction between physical layers are called Physical layer protocols. The layer provides a physical connection different from the physical transmission path because it is at the bit level while the transmission path is at the electrical signal level. This physical connection can be a point to point physical connection or point to the multi-point physical connection, as shown in the figure − The physical layer provides its services to the data link layer, the next higher layer of the OSI model. The ... Read More
In Java, Timestamp can be converted Date by using Date class. Date class is present in java.util package. The constructor of the Date class receives a long value as an argument. Since the constructor of the Date class requires a long value, we need to convert the Timestamp object into a long value using the getTime() method of the TimeStamp class. Let's deep dive into this article, to know how it can be done by using Java programming language. To show you with instance Suppose the timestamp is 06/01/2023. Then corresponding Date is “Fri Jan ... Read More
C programming language provides two types of searching techniques. They are as follows − Linear search Binary search Binary Search This method can be applied only to sorted list. The given list is divided into two equal parts. The given key is compared with the middle element of the list. Here, three situations may occur, which are as follows − If the middle element matches the key, then the search will end successfully here ... Read More
The library #include contains the basic memory operations. Although not strictly string functions, the functions are prototyped in #include . These memory operations are as follows − void *memchr (void *s, int c, size_t n); Search for a character in a buffer. int memcmp (void *s1, void *s2, size_t n); Compare two buffers. ... Read More
To locate a substring in a string, use the indexOf() method.Let’s say the following is our string.String str = "testdemo";Find a substring ‘demo’ in a string and get the index.int index = str.indexOf( 'demo');Example Live Demopublic class Demo { public static void main(String []args) { String str = "testdemo"; System.out.println("String: "+str); int index = str.indexOf("demo"); System.out.printf("Substring 'demo' is at index %d", index); } }OutputString: testdemo Substring 'demo' is at index 4
To swap the case of a string, use.toLowerCase() for title case string. toLowerCase() for uppercase stringtoUpperCase() for lowercase stringLoop through what we discussed above for all the characters in the sting.for (int i = 0; i > len; i++) { c = str.charAt(i); // title case converted to lower case if (Character.isTitleCase(c)) { c = Character.toLowerCase(c); } // upper case converted to lower case if (Character.isUpperCase(c)) { c = Character.toLowerCase(c); } // lower case converted to upper case if (Character.isLowerCase(c)) { c ... Read More
In this article, we will understand how to compute the sum of diagonals of a matrix. The matrix has a row and column arrangement of its elements. The principal diagonal is a diagonal in a square matrix that goes from the upper left corner to the lower right corner.The secondary diagonal is a diagonal of a square matrix that goes from the lower left corner to the upper right corner.Below is a demonstration of the same −Suppose our input is −The input matrix: 4 5 6 7 1 7 3 4 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 50The desired ... Read More
In this article we will check if an object is a null in Typescript. A variable is undefined until and unless it is not assigned to any value after declaring it. NULL is known as empty or dosen’t exist. In typescript, unassigned values are by default undefined, so in order to make a variable null, we must assign it a null value. To check a variable is null or not in typescript we can use typeof or "===" operator. Using typeofoperator The typeof operator in JavaScript is used to find the datatype of the variable. Example In the example ... Read More
To retrieve the set of keys from HashMap, use the keyset() method. However, for set of values, use the values() method.Create a HashMap −HashMap hm = new HashMap(); hm.put("Wallet", new Integer(700)); hm.put("Belt", new Integer(600)); hm.put("Backpack", new Integer(1200));Now, retrieve the keys −Set keys = hm.keySet(); Iterator i = keys.iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { System.out.println(i.next()); }Retrieve the values −Collection getValues = hm.values(); i = getValues.iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { System.out.println(i.next()); }The following is an example to get the set of all keys and values in HashMap −Example Live Demoimport java.util.*; public class Demo { public static ... Read More