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In this post, we will understand the difference between local and global variables.Local variableIt is generally declared inside a function.If it isn’t initialized, a garbage value is stored inside it.It is created when the function begins its execution.It is lost when the function is terminated.Data sharing is not possible since the local variable/data can be accessed by a single function.Parameters need to be passed to local variables so that they can access the value in the function.It is stored on a stack, unless mentioned otherwise.They can be accessed using statement inside the function where they are declared.When the changes are ... Read More
To begin with, let us understand what are trailing zeros in a binary number.Trailing zerosThe position of zeros after first one from the least significant bit (LSB) is called as trailing zeros in binary number.Example104 is decimal numberBinary number of 104 is: (MSB) 1101000(LSB)Here, MSB refers to Most Significant Bit.LSB refers to Least Significant Bit.From LSB after the first bit set, there are three zero.The number of trailing zeros is three.ExampleFollowing is the program to count number of trailing zeros for a given number − Live Demo#include #include int main(){ int number, i, trail = 0, size; printf("Enter a ... Read More
Consider the factors given below to write a C program to rotate the bits for a given number.Rotating the bit from left to right or right to left.In left rotation, the bits are shifted from left to right.In right rotation, the bits are shifted from right to left.Take a number and try to rotate either left or right based on user program.User has to enter the number rotation at run time along with a number.Program 1Following is the C program to apply left rotation for a given number. Live Demo#include #include int main(){ int number, rotate, Msb, size; printf("Enter ... Read More
In this post, we will understand the difference between static binding and dynamic binding.Static BindingIt is resolved at compile time.It uses type of the class and fields.It uses private, final, and static methods and variables.Example: OverloadingDynamic BindingIt is resolved during run time.Virtual methods use this technique.It uses objects to resolve the binding.Example: Method overriding.
In this post, we will understand the difference between type casting and type conversion.Type castingA data type is converted to another data type using the casting operator by the developer.It can be applied to any compatible data types and incompatible data types.The casting operator is required to cast a data type to another type.The destination data type could be smaller than the source data type.It happens during the program design.It is also known as narrowing conversion since the destination data type may be smaller than the source data type.It is generally used in coding and competitive programming.It is efficient.It is ... Read More
Enter the start and stop time with hours, minutes and seconds. Finally, we need to find the difference between start and stop time.The logic to find the difference between start and stop time is given below −while (stop.sec > start.sec){ --start.min; start.sec += 60; } diff->sec = start.sec - stop.sec; while (stop.min > start.min) { --start.hrs; start.min += 60; } diff->min = start.min - stop.min; diff->hrs = start.hrs - stop.hrs;ExampleFollowing is the program to find difference between start and stop time − Live Demo#include struct time { int sec; int min; int hrs; ... Read More
In this post, we will understand the difference between break and continue statements.breakIt is used to terminate the enclosing loop like while, do-while, for, or switch statement where it is declared.It resumes control over the program until the end of the loop.It also helps with the flow of control outside the loop.It is used with ‘switch’ and ‘label’ since it is compatible.Following is the flowchart of break statement −continueIt helps skip the remaining part of the loop.It continues to execute the next iteration.It causes early execution of the next iteration of the enclosing loop.It can’t be used with ‘switch’ and ... Read More
In this post, we will understand the difference between one dimensional array and two dimensional array.One dimensional arrayIt helps store a single list of elements that are similar data type.The total bytes is calculates as the product of the datatype of variable array and the size of the array.C++ declarationtype variable_name[ size ];Java declarationtype variable_name [ ]; variable_name = new type[size];int [ ] a = new int [10];Two-Dimensional arrayIt helps store 'list of lists' or 'array of arrays' or 'array of one dimensional arrays', i.e nested arrays.The total bytes is equivalent to product of datatype of variable array and size ... Read More
Take two integers from the user for base and exponent and calculate the power as explained below.ExampleConsider the following for writing a C program.Suppose base =3Exponent = 4Power=3*3*3*3AlgorithmFollow the algorithm given below −Step 1: Declare int and long variables. Step 2: Enter base value through console. Step 3: Enter exponent value through console. Step 4: While loop. Exponent !=0 i. Value *=base ii. –exponent Step 5: Print the result.ExampleThe following program explains how to calculate power of given number in C language.#include int main(){ int base, exponent; long value = 1; printf("Enter a base value: ... Read More
An array of characters is called a string.DeclarationFollowing is the declaration for declaring an array is as follows −char stringname [size];For example − char string[50]; string of length 50 charactersInitializationUsing single character constant −char string[10] = { ‘H’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’ ,‘\0’}Using string constants −char string[10] = "Hello":;Accessing − There is a control string "%s" used for accessing the string till it encounters ‘\0’.Finding minimum occurrenceThe logic to find minimum occurrence of a character in a given string is as follows −for(i=0; i