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Mechanical BrakingFor stopping the electric train and holding it stationary, in addition to the electric brakes, the mechanical brakes are also required. The mechanical braking is required because the electric braking is unable to hold the train at standstill.In modern electric locomotives, the regenerative braking is employed down to a speed of 16 kmph, then rheostatic braking down to about 6.5 kmph and finally mechanical braking to a standstill.The mechanical braking is usually applied by brake block shoes pressed with force against the tread of the wheels and the required braking force is caused by the movement of the piston ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to add dashes to the border of a selection area on a canvas using FabricJS. We can achieve this by using the selectionDashArray property. It allows us to make the border of a selection area dashed.Syntaxnew fabric.Canvas(element: HTMLElement|String, { selectionDashArray: Array }: Object)Parameterselement − This parameter is the element itself which can be derived using document.getElementById() or the id of the element itself. The FabricJS canvas will be initialized on this element.options (optional) − This parameter is an Object which provides additional customizations to our canvas. Using this parameter ... Read More
What is a Traction Substation?An electric substation which converts electric power from the form provided by the electric utility company to an appropriate voltage, current and frequency to supply railways and other electric traction systems is known as a traction substation.Major Equipment of Traction SubstationThe main equipment which are provided at a traction substation are −Traction TransformerCircuit BreakersInterruptorLet's take a look at the functions of these three major equipment in detail −Traction TransformerThe traction transformers are required to step down the high supply voltage (132 to 220 kV) of main grid to 25 kV. The traction transformers are specially designed ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to enable centered scaling on a canvas using FabricJS. In FabricJS, an object gets transformed proportionally when dragged from the corners. We can use the centeredScaling property to use the center as the origin of transformation.Syntaxnew fabric.Canvas(element: HTMLElement|String, { centeredScaling: Boolean }: Object)Parameterselement − This parameter is the element itself which can be derived using Document.getElementById() or the id of the element itself. The FabricJS canvas will be initialized on this element.options (optional) − This parameter is an Object which provides additional customizations to our canvas. Using this parameter ... Read More
This article explains the phenomenon of interference with the communication systems caused by the electric power lines employed for traction purposes. The phenomenon which modifies a signal in a disruptive manner, when the signal travels along a communication channel between its transmitter and receiver is known as interference in the communication system.As the electric traction system uses high-voltage power lines, the electromagnetic and electrostatic fields produced by these traction power lines disturb the neighbouring communication lines, i.e., the traction power lines cause interference with the communication lines.In electric traction systems, the track is used as the return path for the ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to resize an object non-uniformly via corner points using FabricJS. In FabricJS, an object gets transformed proportionally when dragged from the corners. However, we can control this behavior by pressing the uniScaleKey.Syntaxnew fabric.Canvas(element: HTMLElement|String, { uniScaleKey: String }: Object)Parameterselement − This parameter is the element itself which can be derived using Document.getElementById() or the id of the element itself. The FabricJS canvas will be initialized on this element.options (optional) − This parameter is an Object which provides additional customizations to our canvas. Using this parameter, properties such as color, ... Read More
Linear Induction MotorA linear induction motor is a special type of induction motor that gives linear motion instead of rotational motion, as in the case of a conventional motion. In case of linear induction motor, the movement of field and movement of the conductors are linear.Construction and Working of Linear Induction MotorA linear induction motor consists of a three-phase distributed field winding placed in the slots and the secondary winding is nothing but a conducting plate made up of either copper or aluminium as shown in Figure-1.The field system of the linear induction motor may be either of following two ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to set the width of a selection area border on a canvas using FabricJS. A selection area indicates the area selected using the mouse and all objects under that area will get selected. FabricJS allows us to adjust the width of the selection area border with the selectionLineWidth property.Syntaxnew fabric.Canvas(element: HTMLElement|String, { selectionLineWidth: Number }: Object)Parameterselement − This parameter is the element itself which can be derived using document.getElementById() or the id of the element itself. The FabricJS canvas will be initialized on this element.options (optional) − This parameter ... Read More
Many single phase AC motors have been developed for traction purposes but only compensated series type commutator motor is found to be best suited for traction services. Practically, the AC series motor is best suited for traction purpose because of high-starting torque.When DC series motor is fed from AC supply, it works but not satisfactorily due to the following reasons −If a DC series motor is fed from AC supply both the field and the armature currents reverse for every half cycle. Thus, unidirectional torque is developed in the motor at double frequency.When AC supply is given to the DC ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to set the color of a selection area on a canvas using FabricJS. We can adjust the color using the selectionColor property.Syntaxnew fabric.Canvas(element: HTMLElement|String, { selectionColor: String }: Object)Parameterselement − This parameter is the element itself which can be derived using document.getElementById() or the id of the element itself. The FabricJS canvas will be initialized on this element.options (optional) − This parameter is an Object which provides additional customizations to our canvas. Using this parameter, properties such as color, cursor, border width and a lot of other properties can ... Read More