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Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
What do the python file extensions, .pyc .pyd .pyo stand for?
What are Python File Extensions? Python file extensions are the suffixes that are added to the end of file names, which indicate the type of content inside the file and how it relates to the Python programming environment. These extensions help the interpreter, operating system, and developers understand how to process or execute the file. The .py, .pyc, .pyo, and .pyd files are the most commonly used Python file extensions and have their significance when it comes to executing python programs. Here are the Python file extensions and their descriptions - .py: The input source code that you've written. ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between single and double quotes in python?
In Python, both single quotes (') and double quotes (") are used to define string literals, and they function in the same way. For example, if a string contains a single quote character, like in a contraction, i.e., it’s by using double quotes avoids the need for escape characters by making the code cleaner and easier to read. Similarly, single quotes can be useful when a string contains double quotation marks. Single Quotes in Python Single quotes are used to wrap small and short strings in Python, such as string literals or identifiers. We must remember that using single quotes ...
Read MoreHow to write into a file from command line using Python?
Through the command line, we can easily create dynamic scripts that modify or generate files based on user input. This functionality is useful for generating logs, exporting data, or saving outputs from calculations. The following are the basic steps we need to follow to write data into a file from the command line - Accept the file name and optional data from the command line. Open the specified file in write mode. Write the content to the file. Handle possible errors such as ...
Read MoreHow to read a file from command line using Python?
Reading files from the command line is a common task in many Python scripts and automation workflows. Whether we’re building a simple utility to process text files or developing a complex data analysis tool that being able to accept file input directly from the command line, which enhances the flexibility and usability of our program. Python provides built-in modules such as sys and argparse that make our task straightforward and efficient. In this article, we are going to see the different methods that are used to read a file from the command line using Python - Using sys.argv() In Python, ...
Read MoreHow do we write Multi-Line Statements in Python?
A statement is a logical instruction in Python that the Python interpreter can read and execute. It could be an expression or an assignment statement in Python. Python's assignment statement is fundamental. It specifies how an expression generates and stores objects. In a simple assignment, we create new variables, assign values to them, and alter them. To maintain the value of the expression, this statement supplies an expression and a variable name as a label. Following is the syntax of using the statement in python − variable = expression Creating Multi-Line Statements in Python Statements in Python are often ...
Read MoreHow can I source a Python file from another Python file?
In Python, it is possible to source one Python file from another, which enables us to share data between scripts. In this article, we will go through the different ways to source a Python file from another Python file. Understanding Python File Importing In Python, the process of importing makes to use functions, classes, and variables defined in one Python file within another. This helps us in code reusability and enables us to split our code into multiple files based on functionality. Using the import Statement One of the most common ways to import a Python file is by using ...
Read MoreWhat is the common header format of Python files?
The common header format of Python files is a simple and essential element in any Python script. The Header Format is just an introduction that provides context. In Python, we commonly use a docstring as the header format. A docstring is a special kind of comment enclosed within triple quotes, i.e., either single or double. It's placed right at the beginning of the script, even before any import statements, making it easily visible and accessible to anyone who reads the code. The standard structure of a Python file header is adorned with a docstring. Following is an example of ...
Read MoreCompare *ptr++, *++ptr and ++*ptr in C++
In C++, both ptr++ and ++ptr are used to increment pointers, but they behave differently in expressions. The difference lies in when the increment happens: before or after the value is used. This is essential when working with loops, arrays, or pointer. Syntax Following is the syntax to compare ptr++ vs ++ptr in C++: ptr++: post-increment; ++ptr: pre-increment; Following is the table to compare ptr++ vs ++ptr in C++ ...
Read MoreDangling, Void, Null and Wild Pointers in C++
In C++, direct memory access is possible using pointers. However, the improper use of pointers can lead to problems such as dangling pointers, null pointers, void pointers, and wild pointers. You must have to fix these problems properly for correct code compilation and execution. Let us learn how these problems occur and how you can fix them. Dangling Pointer A dangling pointer is a variable that points to invalid or freed memory, causing errors if accessed. It is like calling a disconnected phone number. When the local variable is not static, the pointer pointing to it becomes dangling. Syntax Following ...
Read MoreWhy use static_cast(x) instead of (int)x in C++?
The (int)x is C-style typecasting, where static_cast(x) is used in C++. This static_cast() gives a compile-time checking facility, but the C-style casting does not support that. This static_cast() can be spotted anywhere inside a C++ code. And using this C++ cast, the intentions are conveyed much better. In C like cast, sometimes we can cast some type pointer to a point some other type data. Like one integer pointer can also point character type data, as they are quite similar, the only difference is character has 1-byte, integer has 4-bytes. In C++, the static_cast() is more strict than C-like casting. ...
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